Africa, Central -- Description and travel; Africa, East -- Description and travel; Natural history -- Africa; Slave trade
The Zambesi is the great river of Eastern Africa, and, after the
Congo, the Nile, and the Niger, the most important on the continent.
Rising in the far interior among the marshes of Lake Dilolo, and,
gathering volume from the streams which flow from the high lands
connecting the north of Lake Nyassa with Inner Angola, it curves
across the country for over a thousand miles like an attenuated
letter S, and before its four great mouths empty the far-travelled
waters into the Indian Ocean, drains an area of more than half a
million square miles. As it cuts its way down the successive steps
of the central plateaux its usually placid current is interrupted by
rapids, narrows, cascades, and cataracts, corresponding to the
plateau edges, so that like all the rivers of Africa it is only
navigable in stretches of one or two hundred miles at a time. From
the coast the Zambesi might be stemmed by steam-power to the rapids
of Kebrabasa; and from above that point intermittently, as far as the
impassable barrier of the Victoria Falls. Above this, for some
distance, again follow rapids and waterfalls, but these are at length
succeeded by an unbroken chain of tributaries which together form an
inland waterway of a thousand miles in length. The broad lands along
the banks of this noble river are subject to annual inundations like
the region of the Nile, and hence their agricultural possibilities
are unlimited. On the lower Zambesi, indigo, the orchila weed, and
caluraba-root abound, and oil-seeds and sugar-cane could be produced
in quantity to supply the whole of Europe. At present, owing to
apathy and indifferent government, these magnificent resources are
almost wholly undeveloped.
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