[2] There is a wealth of material upon the problems of the Ottoman
Empire during the reign of Abdul Hamid. In particular, consult the
following: A. Vamberry, _La Turquie d’aujourd’hui et d’avant quarante
ans_ (Paris, 1898); C. Hecquard, _La Turquie sous Abdul Hamid_ (Paris,
1901); G. Dory, _Abdul Hamid Intime_ (Paris, 1901); Sir Edwin Pears,
_The Life of Abdul Hamid_ (London, 1917); W. Miller, _The Ottoman
Empire, 1801–1913_ (Cambridge, 1913), Chapters XVI-XVIII; N. Verney and
G. Dambmann, _Les puissances étrangères dans le Levant, en Syrie, et
en Palestine_ (Paris, 1900); Baron von Oppenheim, _Von Mittelmeer zum
persischen Golfe_ (2 volumes, Berlin, 1899–1900); Lavisse and Rambaud,
_Histoire Générale_ (12 volumes, 1894–1901), Volume XI, Chapter XV;
Volume XII, Chapter XIV; R. Davey, _The Sultan and His Subjects_
(London, 1897); V. Cardashian, _The Ottoman Empire of the Twentieth
Century_ (Albany, N. Y., 1908).
[3] The texts of the various treaties of capitulation may be found in
G. E. Noradounghian (ed.), _Recueil d’actes internationaux de l’Empire
ottoman, 1300–1902_ (4 volumes, Paris, 1897–1903), Volume I, documents
numbers 153, 170, 196, 201, etc., _ad lib._, Volume II, numbers 499,
593, etc., _ad lib._; also _Recueil des traités de la Porte ottomane
avec les puissances étrangères, 1536–1901_ (10 volumes, Paris,
1864–1901), _passim_; E. A. Van Dyck, _Report on the Capitulations of
the Ottoman Empire_, Forty-seventh Congress, Special Session, Senate
Executive Document No. 3, First Session, Senate Executive Document
No. 87 (Washington, 1881–1882); G. Pelissie du Rausas, _Le régime des
capitulations dans l’Empire ottoman_ (2 volumes, Paris, 1902–1905); A.
R. von Overbeck, _Die Kapitulationen des osmanischen Reiches_ (Breslau,
1917); W. Lehman, _Die Kapitulationen_ (Weimar, 1917); P. M. Brown,
_Foreigners in Turkey, Their Juridical Status_ (Princeton, 1914).
[4] For an account of the establishment, functions, and operation
of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration, _cf._ George Young
(ed.), _Corps de droit ottoman—Recueil des codes, lois, réglements,
ordonnances, et actes les plus importants du droit intérieur, et
d’études sur le droit coutumier de l’Empire ottoman_ (7 volumes,
Oxford, 1905–1906), Volume V, Chapter LXXXV; A. Heidborn, _Manuel de
droit public et administratif de l’Empire ottoman_ (2 volumes, Vienna,
1912), Volume II; C. Morawitz, _Les finances de Turquie_ (Paris, 1902);
A. du Velay, _Essai sur l’histoire financière de la Turquie_ (Paris,
1903), Parts V and VI; L. Delaygue, _Essai sur les finances ottomanes_
(Paris, 1911).
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