Above a horizontal band just over the bottom of the inner encircling
rim is a hieroglyph. It is the well-known glyph for Culhuacan, or
Colhuacan, the name of an important town in the valley of Mexico in
ancient times. The form of the glyph, a mountain with a curved peak,
is derived from the tradition that the Nahuan people originated where
there was a mountain with a curved peak, called in the Nahuan language
_Culhuacan_. The sign is interwoven with the legendary history of the
ancient tribes in central Mexico, Teuculhuacan being the province far
to the north where were situated the Seven Caves of Chicomostoc, the
primeval home whence sallied the Seven Tribes. In the Codex Boturini I,
this legend is pictured. In fig. 18 are two forms of the glyph taken
from the Codex Telleriano Remensis. On each side of this glyph on the
shield are four dots, not to be confounded with the representations
of shells attached to the glyph. These eight dots should have a
calendric meaning, and we might stretch our imagination and consider
the glyph to be _Calli_, a day-sign and also year-bearer, represented
by the conventional figure of a house, which would give us the date
8 _Calli_, capable of being coordinated with either the year 1461 or
1513. The general character of the glyph, however, seems to be too well
established as Culhuacan to admit of such hypothesis.
[Illustration: PL. XXIX
SHIELD OF WOOD (FRAGMENT) WITH MOSAIC DECORATION
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN HEYE FOUNDATION, NEW YORK]
In a letter to the writer Dr. H. J. Spinden advances an explanation
of the combination of the figures in this sun-disc shield. With his
permission we quote him verbatim:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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