Twenty Unsettled Miles in the Northeast Boundary: [From the Report of the Council of the American Antiquarian Society, presented at the Annual Meeting held in Worcester, October 21, 1896]Mendenhall, Thomas C. (Thomas Corwin)
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Twenty Unsettled Miles in the Northeast Boundary: [From the Report of the Council of the American Antiquarian Society, presented at the Annual Meeting held in Worcester, October 21, 1896]
Mendenhall, Thomas C. (Thomas Corwin)
Northeast boundary of the United States; Passamaquoddy Bay (N.B. and Me.)
But the report of the commission of 1798 fell far short of terminating
the boundary-line controversy. The identity of the St. Croix River
was fixed and its mouth and source determined, but from the beginning
of the line in the middle of the river there were still twenty miles
before the open ocean was reached. Along this stretch of almost
land-locked water were numerous islands, several of them large and
valuable, and on some of them important settlements had already been
made. The Commissioners of 1794 were urged to continue the line to
the sea, thus settling the sovereignty of these islands and ending
the dispute. They declined to do so, however, on account of a lack
of jurisdiction, as they believed, and it was not then thought that
these subordinate problems would be difficult of solution. As a matter
of fact, Great Britain claimed dominion over all of these islands
and exercised authority over most of them, except Moose Island,
upon which was the vigorous American town of Eastport. A treaty was
actually arranged in 1803 between Lord Hawkesbury and Rufus King in
which the question of the extension of the boundary line to the open
sea was agreed upon and in a most curious way. It was declared that
the boundary line should proceed from the mouth of the St. Croix and
through the middle of the channel between Deer Island and Moose Island
(which was thus held by the United States) and Campobello Island on
the west and south round the eastern part of Campobello to the Bay
of Fundy. This would apparently give the island of Campobello to the
United States; but it was especially declared that all islands to
the north and east of said boundary, _together with the island of
Campobello_, should be a part of the Province of New Brunswick. The
curious feature of this treaty, providing that an island actually
included on the American side of the boundary line should remain in the
possession of Great Britain, resulted from a provision of the treaty of
1783, which declared that all islands heretofore under the jurisdiction
of Nova Scotia should remain the property of Great Britain. It is also
an admission of the fact that the _natural_ extension of the boundary
line is around the eastern end of Campobello, as described above; and
while this treaty was never ratified, it is of great significance as
proving the admission on the part of the English, that the natural
boundary would include the island of Campobello in American territory.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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