Crime -- Great Britain; Criminals -- Great Britain; Executions and executioners; Tyburn gallows (London, England)
In 1649, in an account of the hanging of a batch of twenty-four persons,
it is said that eight were hanged “unto each Triangle.”[106]
In 1660 the bodies of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw were “hanged at the
several angles of the Triple-tree.”[107]
1680. Seller’s map of Middlesex shows the gallows, its form not
recognisable, near the angle formed by the junction of the roads.
1697. Defoe, in his Essay upon Projects, refers to Watling Street: “The
same High Way or Street called Watling Street … went on West to that
spot where Tyburn now stands, and there turn’d North-West … to St.
Alban’s.”[108]
1712. Beginning with this date the accounts published by Lorrain, the
Ordinary of Newgate, of the behaviour of condemned criminals, show the
prison of Newgate at the top, on one side, and on the other the gallows
of Tyburn. The illustration is taken from the broadsheet of September 19,
1712.
1725. In this year a large map of the newly constituted parish of St.
George, Hanover Square, was drawn by John Mackay. We have in it the
first exact location of the gallows, shown as a triangular structure. In
detailed notes on the map, describing the first “beating the bounds” of
the parish on Ascension Day, 1725, it is stated that the parish boundary
to the west was marked “on the S.E. Leg of Tyburn,” fully proving the
permanence of the structure. The map was reproduced on a small scale in
the _Builder_ of July 6, 1901, and was described by Mr. Herbert Sieveking
in the _Daily Graphic_ of March 11, 1908.
1746 to 1757. In 1746 was published Rocque’s beautiful map of London in
twenty-four sheets; this was followed by his maps of Middlesex in 1754
and 1757. In all the gallows is shown in the open space formed by the
junction of the roads near the Marble Arch.
1747. In the last plate of Hogarth’s series of “Industry and Idleness,”
is shown an execution at Tyburn. The gallows, a triangular structure, is
in the same position (approximately) as in Rocque’s maps.
1756. In Seale’s map, published this year, the triangular gallows is
shown in the same position as in Rocque’s maps.[109]
[Illustration: THE TRIPLE TREE IN 1746, FROM ROCQUE’S MAP OF LONDON.]
Tyburn had ceased to be “emmy les champs”; the advance of the town is
shown by the inclusion of Tyburn in maps of London. So early as 1719 it
was proposed to move the gallows to Stamford Hill:—
“We hear the famous and ancient Engine of Justice called Tyburn
is going to be demolished: and we hear the Place of Execution
is to be removed to Stamford-Hill, beyond Newington, on the way
to Ware: the Reason given is said to be, because of the great
Buildings that are going to be erected in Maribone-Fields.”[110]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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