GERALDINE COFFIN NEW YORK MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN HEYE FOUNDATION 1920 This series of INDIAN NOTES AND MONOGRAPHS is devoted primarily to the publication of the results of studies by members of the staff of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, and is uniform with HISPANIC NOTES AND MONOGRAPHS, published by the Hispanic Society of America, with which organization this Museum is in cordial coöperation. TYPES OF CANOES ON PUGET SOUND BY T.T. WATERMAN AND GERALDINE COFFIN CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 7 Specialization of the North Pacific Canoe into Different Models 10 Points of Interest in the Various Types 14 The War Canoe 14 The “Freight Canoe” 17 The “Trolling Canoe” 18 The “Shovel-nose Canoe” 19 The “One-man Canoe” 21 The “Children’s Canoe” 22 Native Terms for the Parts of the Canoe 23 Distribution of the Various Types 29 Conclusions 36 Bibliography 39 Notes 42 TYPES OF CANOES ON PUGET SOUND BY T.T. WATERMAN AND GERALDINE COFFIN INTRODUCTION The canoes and the canoe manufacture of the North Pacific area have already received a fair amount of attention in ethnographical literature.[1] Many sizes and shapes of craft are in use, most of which have not been described in detail. All North Pacific canoes from Mount St Elias in Alaska to Eel river in northern California are, to quote the _Handbook_,[2] of a dugout type. The area of Puget sound lies in a general way toward the center of this region, and in this vicinity the largest variety of canoes seems to be in use. Our present purpose is to describe the types of canoes found at the present time on Puget sound proper, and then to outline, so far as is possible on the basis of scanty information, the distribution of these types into other regions. The specimens on which this discussion is based were collected for the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, in the immediate vicinity of Seattle. The native terms for the various models and for the parts of the canoes are in the “Duwamish” dialect of Salish. The sounds occurring in this and the other Salish dialects spoken on the upper part of Puget sound are represented in the following tabulation. VOWELS i, ι u, υ e, ε o, ↄ Δ α a