U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Shortcomings in quantity rather than quality of Marine personnel made
expansion a problem on 19 July 1950, when General MacArthur sent his
third request to the Pentagon for a Marine division with appropriate
air. Again the Joint Chiefs referred the matter to General Cates, who
was prepared with two plans worked out in detail by his staff--Plan
ABLE, providing third rifle companies and replacements for the Brigade;
and Plan BAKER, designed to bring the 1st Marine Division up to full
war strength by calling reservists to active duty.
These plans were based on the personnel statistics of 30 June 1950. The
grand total of 74,279 Marines on active duty at that time (97 per cent
of authorized strength) was distributed as follows:
_Operating Forces_--engaged directly in carrying out assigned
missions and tasks 40,364
_Supporting Establishment_--comprising trained administrative
and supply personnel 24,552
_Special Assignment_--including all personnel serving with
organizations outside the regular establishment 3,871
_Non-Available_--made up of personnel hospitalized, confined,
or en route 5,492
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Total 74,279
A breakdown of the Operating Forces reveals that the Fleet Marine Force
numbered 27,703 men, the security detachments included 11,087, and
1,574 Marines were afloat. Of the 11,853 in FMFPac, 7,779 were in the
1st Marine Division, and 3,733 in the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing. The
15,803 Marines in FMFLant included 8,973 in the 2d Marine Division and
5,297 in the 2d Marine Aircraft Wing.[37]
[37] Giusti, I-2.
These figures make it evident that the 1st Marine Division could not be
brought up to war strength of about 25,000 troops without drawing upon
the 33,527 (77 per cent of authorized strength) in the ground forces
of the Organized Reserve, and the 6,341 (94 per cent of authorized
strength) in the aviation forces. The ground personnel were distributed
among these units:
Twenty-one infantry battalions; 16 rifle companies; seven 105mm
howitzer battalions; five 155mm howitzer battalions; one 155mm gun
battalion; two 40mm gun batteries; two tank battalions; three amphibian
tractor battalions; one amphibian truck company; one signal company
(supplementary); six signal companies; one engineer battalion; 15
women’s reserve platoons.
Aviation units consisted of 30 Marine fighter squadrons (VMF) and 12
Marine ground control intercept squadrons (MGCI).
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