U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
CHARLIE The seaward tip of Hill 233, a long east-west ridge
beginning 1,500 yards southeast of the beach and blocking
off the stubby Munhang Peninsula, which projected
southward.
BAKER A small cape, topped by Hill 94, to the right of Objective
Charlie and flanking BLUE Beach.[132]
[132] 1st MarDiv _OpnO 2-50_; and 1st MarDiv _SAR_, Annex
Peter Peter.
While a question may arise as to the choice of landing the 5th
Marines in the very heart of Inchon, it must be remembered that
immediate seizure of the port facilities was vital to the success
of the operation. Hitting the beaches at only two-thirds infantry
strength, the 1st Marine Division could not swell to the overwhelming
proportions of an invasion force. A modern harbor for rapid build-up
and exploitation by X Corps figured inherently in MacArthur’s strategy.
If RED Beach thus constituted the critical objective, then the
selection of BLUE Beach for a supporting landing followed in logical
sequence. Once on the O-1 Line, the 1st Marines would flank the single
overland approach to the peninsular seaport, thereby presenting the
NKPA garrison with the grim alternatives of early flight, capitulation,
or strangulation. Without this leverage on Inchon’s flank and rear, the
5th Regiment could easily be swallowed up by two square miles of dense
urban area.
Four assault battalions would have two hours of daylight in which to
bridge the gap between planning and reality. From overhead and behind
they could expect a preponderance of heavy fire support, but ahead lay
enemy and hydrographic situations still clouded by question marks.
_Beginning the Ship-to-Shore Movement_
As the early afternoon of 15 September wore on, the continued silence
of Inchon beckoned temptingly to Lieutenant Colonel Taplett on
Wolmi-do. Having studied the city over a prolonged period without
detecting any significant evidence of Communist defensive capability,
he radioed Division headquarters for permission to move a strong
tank-infantry force across the causeway. The battalion commander
believed that 3/5 could launch either an effective reconnaissance in
force or an actual assault on RED Beach. Although his estimate of the
enemy potential was shortly borne out, the degree of risk in Taplett’s
bold plan drew a firm “negative” from the _Mount McKinley_.[133]
[133] Taplett interv, 25 Aug 54.
Busy with last-minute details aboard the command ship, General Smith
at noon had radioed General Craig instructions to land on Wolmi-do on
the evening tide and set up an advance echelon of the division command
post with the ADC group. Smith did not desire to land the remainder
of his headquarters until D-plus 1, when there would be more room for
dispersion within the expanding beachhead.[134]
[134] O. P. Smith, _Notes_, 152.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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