U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
As an added factor, the 1st Marine Division had just acquired a new
unit. Early in November Admiral Joy had inquired if General Smith could
use the 41st Independent Commando, Royal Marines. This British unit
of 14 officers and 221 enlisted men, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel
Douglas B. Drysdale, and attached to ComNavFE in Japan, had requested
service with the U. S. Marines. Smith replied that he would be glad to
have these fine troops. Highly trained in reconnaissance, they could
operate with the Division Reconnaissance Company in protecting the
flank of the Marine advance. The British Marines arrived at Hungnam on
the 20th and reported to the 1st Marine Division.[344]
[344] Smith, _Notes_, 638–639; 1stMarDiv _POR 164_.
Division OpnO 23-50, issued at 0800 on the 23d, directed the Commandos
to locate and destroy enemy forces on the left flank, ranging as far as
13 miles west of Koto-ri. It was hoped that the British unit and the
Division Reconnaissance Company might flush out CCF troops beyond the
reach of routine infantry patrols. Other tasks assigned to elements of
the Division were as follows:
RCT-7--to seize Yudam-ni and maintain one battalion in that
position;
RCT-5--to seize Kyolmul-li (20 miles north of Hagaru) and be
prepared to seize Toksil-li (10 miles northwest of
Kyolmul-li) and Tuan-di (15 miles northeast of Kyolmul-li)
on order;
RCT-1--to relieve elements of RCT-7 in the vicinity of Hagaru and
Koto-ri and protect the Division MSR from positions in the
vicinity of Hagaru, Koto-ri and Chinhung-ni;
1st Tank Battalion (less detachments)--to protect the MSR from
positions in the vicinity of Majon-dong and Soyang-ni;
1st Engineer Battalion--to support Division operations with
priority to the maintenance of the MSR and construction of
the airfield at Hagaru.
OpnO 23-50 also provided that the Supply Regulating Station Detachment
continue operation of the truckhead at Hagaru and stock supplies at
the following levels: Classes I and III, 8 days; Classes II and IV, as
required; and Class V, one and one-third U/F for all troops operating
to the north and west of Chinhung-ni.[345]
[345] 1stMarDiv _OpnO 23-50_, 23 Nov 50.
The trucking facilities of the Division had been strained to the
limit ever since the Wonsan landing. Shortly afterwards the bulk of
the 7th Motor transport Battalion was taken under the operational
control of X Corps, and it became necessary to attach the 1st Motor
Transport Battalion to RCT-7. On 19 November, however, the 1st MT (less
detachments) had passed to the control of the 1st Supply Regulating
Detachment at Hagaru. There the truckers not only built up the
stockpile of supplies but rendered the best support that units of the
division had known so far along the MSR.[346]
[346] 1stMarDiv _SAR_, annex II (hereafter 1st MTBn _SAR_), 4,
7; 7th MTBn _SAR_, 2–3.
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