U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
First Marine Division orders called for an elaborate series of
deceptions. Immediately prior to CLAM-UP, on 9–10 February, the 11th
Marines fired 471 harrassing and interdiction missions, as if to
cover a large-scale withdrawal. Over 12,000 artillery rounds were
expended.[353] Then CLAM-UP commenced, and the three regiments on the
MLR--from left to right, the KMCs, 1st Marines, and 7th Marines--did
their part to hoodwink the enemy. Reserve battalions executed daylight
marches on foot to the rear and returned after dark by means of motor
lifts. The 5th Marines, in Division reserve at Camp Tripoli, executed
similar feigned withdrawals.
[353] 11thMar _HD_, Feb 52, 13; Col B. T. Hemphill comments, 20
Jan 59.
After the Marine cannoneers completed their supposed covering fires,
the front was plunged into an eerie silence. It did not take long,
of course, for the enemy’s curiosity to be aroused. NKPA patrols
reconnoitred the Marine lines on the night of 10–11 February without
being fired upon. The following night a patrol attempted to draw Marine
fire in the Hill 812 area by advertising its presence with loud talk.
The enemy’s fire was not returned until the patrol attacked a Marine
position with white phosphorous grenades. In sheer self-defense the
Marines retaliated, and the North Koreans made a hurried exit, leaving
behind 10 dead and 2 wounded men who became prisoners.
At first light on the 12th another enemy patrol tried to penetrate the
wire in front of a 1st Marines position and paid the penalty with nine
men killed and three wounded in a 15-minute fire fight.
On 13 February the Marines were pounded with the month’s heaviest
concentration of NKPA fire--344 artillery and 1,469 mortar rounds. Thus
did the enemy serve notice of his realization that Marine positions on
the MLR were being held in strength. NKPA patrol actions on the nights
of the 13th and 14th were launched at Marine trenches on Hills 812 and
854 at the estimated cost of heavy casualties.
When Operation CLAM-UP came to an end on 15 February, it had admittedly
fallen short of EUSAK expectations. Although NKPA patrol losses had
been considerable, they were offset by fewer casualties in rear areas
enjoying a five-day immunity from UN artillery fire. Worse yet, the
enemy was enabled during this period of grace to bring up ammunition
and other supplies without interference. As a final disillusionment, it
was reckoned that across the whole Eighth Army front the Communists had
lost fewer prisoners than during the preceding five-day period.
In the Marine combat zone a gain was recorded in enemy casualties.
General Selden congratulated the Division on “the fire discipline
practiced by MLR troops and by platoon and company commanders. As a
consequence of the fire discipline, the line companies were able to
kill 56 enemy and wound 54.” These totals, it was pointed out, were
larger than the losses normally inflicted on the enemy in a five-day
period.[354]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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