U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
For four hours the attacks on Horseshoe Ridge were continuous,
particularly along the curve held by Wray’s company. He was reinforced
during the night by squads sent from Coffey’s and Bohannon’s companies.
Wray realized that the integrity of the battalion position depended on
holding the curve of the ridge, but his main problem was bringing up
enough ammunition. Men evacuating casualties to the rear returned with
supplies, but the amount was all too limited until Corporal Leo Marquez
appointed himself a one-man committee. His energy equalled his courage
as he carried grenades and small-arms ammunition all night to the men
on the firing line. Marquez emerged unhurt in spite of bullet holes
through his cartridge belt, helmet, and a heel of his shoe.
About midnight it was the turn of 3/1. These Marines had dug in as best
they could, but the position was too rocky to permit much excavation.
Ammunition for the mortars had to be hand-carried from a point halfway
up the hill.
Several hours of harrassing mortar fire preceded the CCF effort. George
Company, at the apex of the ridge, was almost overwhelmed by the
first Communist waves of assault. The courage of individual Marines
shone forth in the ensuing struggle. Technical Sergeant Harold E.
Wilson, second in command of the center platoon, suffered four painful
wounds but remained in the fight, encouraging his men and guiding
reinforcements from How Company as they arrived.[176]
[176] 1stMarDiv _HD_, Apr 51; 1stMar _HD_, Apr 51.
Steady artillery support was provided by Colonel McAlister, who
rounded up a jury-rigged liaison party and three forward observer
teams composed mainly of officers from the 987th AFA Battalion. They
registered 11th Marines and 987th Battalion defensive fires which had
a large part in stopping the CCF attack as it lapped around George
Company and hit How and Item on the other two ridges.
Colonel McAlister and Colonel Nickerson paid a visit to the CP of
1/1, which remained under the operational control of the 7th Marines
until morning. The two regimental commanders arranged for artillery
and tank support to cover the gap between 1/1 and 3/7.[177] The enemy,
however, seemed to be wary about infiltrating between the three
battalion outposts. This reluctance owed in large part to the deadly
flat-trajectory fire of the 90mm rifles of Companies A and B of the 1st
Tank Battalion, whose commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel Holly F.
Evans, had relieved Lieutenant Colonel Harry T. Milne that day.
[177] Col H. Nickerson Jr., ltr of 13 Feb 58; Col R. E. West,
comments, n.d.
Attacks on 3/1 and 3/7 also continued throughout the night. At daybreak
the close air support of Marine aircraft prevented further Communist
efforts, though dug-in enemy groups remained within machine gun range.
Identification of Chinese bodies at daybreak indicated that the 359th
and 360th Regiments, 120th Division, 40th CCF Army, had been employed.
_Withdrawal to the Kansas Line_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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