U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Suddenly shots rang out from the side of the road. Within a few
seconds, 23 bullets from a Russian-made submachine gun had struck the
jeep; the driver, astonishingly, received only a knee wound. No trace
of the ambushers could be found by the friendly patrol dispatched to
investigate the incident. An activity of an entirely different nature
that same month was the assignment of battalion LVTs to break up the
heavily encrusted ice that had formed around and endangered supports of
three bridges in the I Corps area. A rash of minor incidents involving
would-be, but unsuccessful, enemy infiltrators also took place during
the winter months in the amtrac sector. In November, three agents
attempted to cross the Imjin on their way to the division area, but
were engaged by a battalion patrol. After a brief fire fight, friendly
artillery was called down on the retreating boat and it was believed
destroyed. Enemy agents on foot were engaged by National Police or
Marine listening posts again in January and March and deterred from
their espionage missions.
Commitment to an infantry role in the KANSAS line, meanwhile, had
permitted little time for operation of the battalion tractors. In
December, construction began on a storage park for those LVTs not in
use. By placing the non-operating tracked vehicles in a single area,
the battalion could handle routine maintenance with just a few men.
This facility, located at Ascom City, was completed early in 1953.
By March, a total of 34 tractors had been placed there in caretaker
status. Implicit in this economy measure was the requirement that all
stowed tractors could revert to combat status, if necessary, on a
48-hour alert.
_Changes in the Concept of Ground Defense_[337]
[337] The material in this section is derived from: _PacFlt
EvalRpt_ No. 5, Chap. 8.
During the winter months of 1952–1953, the 1st Marine Division modified
the organization of its tactical defense, although it retained the
basic concept of the combat outpost system as the backbone of MLR
defense.[338] Development of much of the KANSAS line and parts of the
Marine MLR during this period reflected several new ideas on how the
ground defense could be better organized. Recent experience during
Communist attacks had shown that defensive emplacements and positions
could be dug deeper and below ground to withstand massed enemy fires.
Contrary to traditional concepts, it had also been found that centering
the defense on the military crest[339] of a hill was not always the
best procedure. Emplacement of machine guns downslope or in low firing
positions to cover draws or flat ground was not entirely suitable to
the Korean terrain, enemy, or nature of positional warfare.
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