U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Enemy pressure against the West Coast Islands, both from Communist
shore guns and bombing, had increased during the fall and winter of
1952. Cho-do, shaped roughly like a giant downward-plunging fish, as
previously noted had been bombed in October for the first time in the
history of the command. This new trend was repeated for the next two
months. By way of response, two 90mm guns were transferred to Cho-do
from Kanghwa-do (a more peaceful guerrilla-controlled island northwest
of Inchon) for use there as counterbattery fire against aggressive
mainland batteries. The islands of Sok-to and Paengyong-do had
likewise been bombed during this period, although no damage or serious
casualties resulted. In December, enemy shore guns fired 752 rounds
against Task Force 95 (United Nations Blockading and Escort Force)
ships charged with responsibility for the island defense, in contrast
to the 156 rounds of the preceding month.
Intelligence in December from “Leopard,” the friendly Korean guerrilla
unit at Paengyong-do, also reported the presence of junks, rubber
boats, and a nearby enemy artillery battalion off Chinnampo, believed
to be in readiness to attack the island. A captured POW, moreover,
on 22 December reported that elements of the 23d NKPA Brigade located
on the mainland across from Sok-to would attempt to seize the island
group before the end of the year. The next day, shortly after dusk,
when a concentration of 200 rounds[469] of 76mm suddenly fell on
Sok-to, and another 125 rounds struck neighboring Cho-do, it looked as
if it might be the beginning of trouble. Naval gunfire (NGF) spotters
on the islands directed the fire from UNC patrol boats cruising the
Yellow Sea. This counterbattery fire quickly silenced the enemy guns.
Again, at the end of the month, West Coast islands were alerted for an
invasion, but it never materialized.
[469] An average day’s enemy harassment consisted of 4, 7, 10,
or at the most approximately 28 rounds of fire. WCIDE
ComdDs, _passim_.
A matter of continuing concern to the command during the fall and
winter months was the North Korean refugee problem. So serious was the
situation, in fact, that it had warranted a directive from the TF 95
commander (Rear Admiral John E. Gingrich). In the early fall, a large
number of refugees had filtered into the West Coast Islands, raising
serious doubts as to their feeding and ultimate survival during the
Korean winter. Through the United Nations Civil Assistance Command, a
tentative date of September had been set for evacuating these North
Korean refugees to South Korea. By November the question of their
relocation was still not settled, although the feeding problem had been
eased somewhat by two LST-resupply loads of emergency rations and grain
by CTF 90.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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