U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
As with the WCIDU force, by late spring it appeared that the days of
UNC control and occupation of the east coast islands were numbered.
In view of the imminent armistice, a CinCFE directive of 11 June
called for the evacuation of all civilians, supplies, and equipment
“in excess of immediate needs.”[479] This was a preliminary step
towards full evacuation of the islands once the armistice agreement was
reached. Accordingly, on 11 June, as evacuation of the friendly west
coast partisans got under way, villagers from Yo-do, the largest and
ECIDU headquarters site, and the far northern island of Yang-do were
similarly moved south. The evacuation was completed by mid-June.
[479] ECIDE(U) ComdD, Jun 53, p. 1.
_The Division is Ordered Back to the Front_[480]
[480] Unless otherwise noted, the material in this section is
derived from: _PacFlt EvalRpt_ No. 6, Chap. 9; 1stMarDiv,
1stMar, 5thMar, 7thMar ComdDs, Jun 53.
A rash of political activity in June markedly affected the tenor
of military operations in Korea. Intensified Communist aggression
broke out north of ROK sectors in the Eighth Army line, largely as
a reaction to President Rhee’s unprecedented action on 18 June of
freeing, with the help of ROK guards, approximately 25,000 North
Korean anti-Communist prisoners at POW camps in the south. Other
anti-Communist POWs at Camp No. 10, near Ascom City, staged violent
break-out attempts at that same time and Company A, 1st Amphibian
Tractor Battalion passed to operational control of the camp commanding
officer there to help prevent a repetition of any such incidents in the
future. Following a recess of truce talks, pending a clarification of
the status of the current military-diplomatic agreements, key delegates
held crisis meetings at Panmunjom and Tokyo to get the beleaguered
talks back on track.
Despite the furor, signing of the armistice agreement was expected
shortly. As a result, the Munsan-ni Provisional Command was
reorganized with the 1st Marine Division assigned the responsibility
of reactivating the United Nations Personnel and Medical Processing
Unit for the anticipated post-truce exchange of prisoners of war. This
was to be conducted along lines similar to that for Operation LITTLE
SWITCH, the initial limited exchange. The Division Inspector was named
processing unit commander and functional sections (S-1, S-2, S-3, S-4,
interpreters, messing, medical, engineer) were also activated. As the
division training tour in I Corps reserve drew to a close, a number of
regimental CPXs were held during June. And the 5th Marines drew a new
assignment: training in riot control. Following civilian demonstrations
that had erupted in various populated areas of Eighth Army, including
the I Corps sector, the regiment was ordered “to be prepared to move
in battalion size increments, to be employed as army service area
reserve in suppression of civil disturbances anywhere in army service
area.”[481]
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