Val d'Arno: Ten Lectures on the Tuscan Art Directly Antecedent to the Florentine Year of Victories; Given Before the University of Oxford in Michaelmas Term, 1873Ruskin, John
History
Val d'Arno: Ten Lectures on the Tuscan Art Directly Antecedent to the Florentine Year of Victories; Given Before the University of Oxford in Michaelmas Term, 1873
Ruskin, John
Art -- Italy -- Tuscany
19. We must look for a moment more at one odd old thing--the sarcophagus
which was his tutor. Upon it is carved the hunting of Meleager; and it
was made, or by tradition received as, the tomb of the mother of the
Countess Matilda. I must not let you pass by it without noticing two
curious coincidences in these particulars. First, in the Greek subject
which is given Niccola to read.
The boar, remember, is Diana's enemy. It is sent upon the fields of
Calydon in punishment of the refusal of the Calydonians to sacrifice
to her. 'You have refused _me_,' she said; 'you will not have Artemis
Laphria, Forager Diana, to range in your fields. You shall have the
Forager Swine, instead.'
Meleager and Atalanta are Diana's servants,--servants of all order,
purity, due sequence of season, and time. The orbed architecture of
Tuscany, with its sculptures of the succession of the labouring months,
as compared with the rude vaults and monstrous imaginations of the past,
was again the victory of Meleager.
20. Secondly, take what value there is in the tradition that this
sarcophagus was made the tomb of the mother of the
[Illustration: PLATE I:--THE PISAN LATONA. Angle of Panel of the
Adoration, in Niccola's Pulpit.]
Countess Matilda. If you look to the fourteenth chapter of the third
volume of "Modern Painters," you will find the mythic character of the
Countess Matilda, as Dante employed it explained at some length. She is
the representative of Natural Science as opposed to Theological.
21. Chance coincidences merely, these; but full of teaching for us,
looking back upon the past. To Niccola, the piece of marble was,
primarily, and perhaps exclusively, an example of free chiselling, and
humanity of treatment. What else it was to him,--what the spirits
of Atalanta and Matilda could bestow on him, depended on what he was
himself. Of which Vasari tells you nothing. Not whether he was gentleman
or clown--rich or poor--soldier or sailor. Was he never, then, in those
fleets that brought the marbles back from the ravaged Isles of Greece?
was he at first only a labourer's boy among the scaffoldings of the
Pisan apse,--his apron loaded with dust--and no man praising him for his
speech? Rough he was, assuredly; probably poor; fierce and energetic,
beyond even the strain of Pisa,--just and kind, beyond the custom of his
age, knowing the Judgment and Love of God: and a workman, with all his
soul and strength, all his days.
22. You hear the fame of him as of a sculptor only. It is right that you
should; for every great architect must be a sculptor, and be renowned,
as such, more than by his building. But Niccola Pisano had even more
influence on Italy as a builder than as a carver.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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