Val d'Arno: Ten Lectures on the Tuscan Art Directly Antecedent to the Florentine Year of Victories; Given Before the University of Oxford in Michaelmas Term, 1873Ruskin, John
History
Val d'Arno: Ten Lectures on the Tuscan Art Directly Antecedent to the Florentine Year of Victories; Given Before the University of Oxford in Michaelmas Term, 1873
Ruskin, John
Art -- Italy -- Tuscany
260. Remember, then, this revolution, as coming between the battles of
Welcome and Tagliacozzo; and that it expresses the lower revolutionary
temper of the trades, with English and French assistance. Its
immediate result was the appointment of five hundred and sixty
lawyers, woolcombers, and butchers, to deliberate upon all State
questions,--under which happy ordinances you will do well, in your own
reading, to leave Florence, that you may watch, for a while, darling
little Pisa, all on fire for the young Conradin. She sent ten vessels
across the Gulf of Genoa to fetch him; received his cavalry in her
plain of Sarzana; and putting five thousand of her own best sailors into
thirty ships, sent them to do what they could, all down the coast of
Italy. Down they went; startling Gaeta with an attack as they passed;
found Charles of Anjou's French and Sicilian fleet at Messina, fought
it, beat it, and burned twenty-seven of its ships.
261. Meantime, the Florentines prospered as they might with their
religious-democratic constitution,--until the death, in the odour of
sanctity, of Charles of Anjou, and of that Pope Martin IV. whose tomb
was destroyed with Urban's at Perugia. Martin died, as you may remember,
of eating Bolsena eels,--that being his share in the miracles of the
lake; and you will do well to remember at the same time, that the price
of the lake eels was three soldi a pound; and that Niccola of Pisa
worked at Siena for six soldi a day, and his son Giovanni for four.
262. And as I must in this place bid farewell, for a time, to Niccola
and to his son, let me remind you of the large commission which the
former received on the occasion of the battle of Tagliacozzo, and
its subsequent massacres, when the victor, Charles, having to his own
satisfaction exterminated the seed of infidelity, resolves, both in
thanksgiving, and for the sake of the souls of the slain knights for
whom some hope might yet be religiously entertained, to found an abbey
on the battle-field. In which purpose he sent for Niccola to Naples, and
made him build on the field of Tagliacozzo, a church and abbey of the
richest; and caused to be buried therein the infinite number of the
bodies of those who died in that battle day; ordering farther, that,
by many monks, prayer should be made for their souls, night and day.
In which fabric the king was so pleased with Niccola's work that he
rewarded and honoured him highly.
263. Do you not begin to wonder a little more what manner of man this
Nicholas was, who so obediently throws down the towers which offend the
Ghibelliues, and so skilfully puts up the pinnacles which please the
Guelphs? A passive power, seemingly, he;--plastic in the hands of any
one who will employ him to build, or to throw down. On what exists of
evidence, demonstrably in these years here is the strongest brain of
Italy, thus for six shilling a day doing what it is bid.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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