Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
The superficial peroneal branch, after giving off, near its proximal
end, one or two twigs into M. peroneus brevis, passes lateral to the
retinaculum for the tendon of M. tibialis anticus, then across the
intratarsal joint lateral to the latter, then lateral to the insertion
of M. tibialis anticus, where the branch subdivides. One of the two
resulting branches gives one or two twigs into M. extensor brevis digiti
IV, then terminates nonmuscularly in the digits. The other branch passes
between the main and accessory insertions of M. tibialis anticus and
joins the branch of the deep peroneal which supplies M. abductor digiti
II. (See next paragraph.)
The deep peroneal branch passes through the retinaculum for the tendon
of M. tibialis anticus, lying lateral, then deep, then medial to the
latter; it crosses the intratarsal joint medial to the latter.
Immediately above the insertion of M. tibialis anticus, the deep
peroneal branch divides, one branch passing on each side of the main
insertion. The branch passing lateral to the main insertion passes
between the latter and the accessory insertion (medial to the latter)
and is joined by a branch of the superficial peroneal nerve. This fused
branch extends distally between Mm. extensor hallucis longus and
extensor brevis digiti IV and medial to M. extensor brevis digiti III,
giving twigs into the latter and into M. abductor digiti II before
terminating nonmuscularly in the digits. The branch of the deep peroneal
nerve that passes medial to the main insertion of M. tibialis anticus
gives one or two twigs into the proximal head of M. extensor hallucis
longus, then terminates nonmuscularly in the digits.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In four legs, the branch of the superficial
peroneal nerve that usually joins the lateral branch of the deep
peroneal nerve is lacking (fig. 10B). In these legs it can be seen that
Mm. extensor brevis digiti III and abductor digiti II are supplied by
the deep peroneal nerve.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In two legs, the same branch that gives twigs
into the proximal head of M. extensor hallucis longus also sends a twig
into the distal head of this muscle (fig. 10C).
_P. p. jamesi_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance.
=_Tibial Nerve_=, Fig. 11
_T. pallidicinctus_
DESCRIPTION.--The branches given off in the thigh have been discussed in
the account of the sciatic nerve. At the distal end of the thigh the
peroneal nerve and the paraperoneal branch of the tibial nerve diverge
from the remainder of the tibial nerve and pass through the tendinous
guide loop for M. extensor iliofibularis whereas the remainder of the
tibial nerve does not. This main part of the tibial nerve immediately
divides into three main divisions--lateral, posterior, and medial.
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