Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
subarticular cartilage of the third interphalangeal joint.
INNERVATION.--The posterior division of the tibial nerve sends a branch
into the posterior edge of the medial head, then passes between the
latter and the medial head of M. flexor perforatus digiti III; as it
extends distally it gives off twigs to the medial surface of the medial
head, to the deep surface of the lateral head, and to the deep surface
of the anterolateral head.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In one leg, an additional branch arises from the
tibial nerve at the level of origin of the posterior division and enters
the posterior surface of the medial head; a twig from this branch
anastomoses with the first twig of the posterior division to the same
head; a branch of the medial division joins the posterior division
distal to the origin of the twigs to the medial head but proximal to the
origin of the twigs to the other heads.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance.
_P. p. jamesi_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In four legs, a tiny vinculum connects with the
tendon of M. flexor digitorum longus (which see).
=_M. Flexor Perforatus Digiti III_=, Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Divided into two widely separated
heads--medial and anterolateral--with completely separate bellies but
with common insertional tendon; small _anterolateral head_ on lateral
aspect of thigh deep to M. flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II and
posterior to M. flexor digitorum longus; fleshy part of head
distolateral to belly of M. flexor perforatus digiti IV; fleshy part
fused to lateral edge of belly of M. flexor perforatus digiti II;
proximal part of head a slender ossified tendon fused to anterior edge
of both fleshy and tendinous parts of anterolateral head of M. flexor
perforatus digiti IV and to lateral edge of anterolateral head of M.
flexor perforatus digiti II; this tendon passing deep to tendon of
insertion of M. extensor iliofibularis and to peroneal nerve; large
_medial head_ on posteromedial surface of thigh anterior to medial edge
of M. gastrocnemius pars externa, lateral to M. gastrocnemius pars
media, and medial to M. flexor perforatus digiti IV; fused to medial
surface of medial head of latter and to medial edges of Mm. flexor
perforatus digiti II and flexor hallucis longus; proximal end of head
tendinous.
ORIGIN.--The _medial head_ attaches tendinously to the medial part of
the popliteal area in common with the medial head of M. flexor
perforatus digiti II and with the medial edges of Mm. flexor perforatus
digiti IV (medial head) and flexor hallucis longus; and is also fused to
the articular capsule. The _anterolateral head_ arises in common with
the anterolateral heads of Mm. flexor perforatus digiti II and flexor
perforatus digiti IV (see account of latter).
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