_To dye red with Crotal._ Gather the lichen off the rocks--it is best in winter. Put layers of lichen and wool alternately in a pot, fill up with water and boil until you get the desired tint. Too much crotal will make the wool a dark red brown, but a very pretty terra cotta red can be got. No mordant is required. _To dye Pink from a bright yellow Lichen_ (_Parmelia parietina_). Mordant the wool with 3% of Bichromate of Potash, then boil with the lichen for 1 hour or more. _To dye Brown from Crotal._ Boil the wool with an equal quantity of lichen for 1 or 1-1/2 hours. No mordant is required. _To dye red purple from Cudbear and Logwood._ Dye with equal quantities of Cudbear and Logwood, the wool having been mordanted with chrome. A lighter colour is got by dyeing with 8 lbs. cudbear, 1/2 lb. logwood (for 30 lbs. wool). _To dye Yellow on Linen with the Lichen Peltigera canina_ (a large flat lichen growing on rocks in woods). Mordant with alum (1/4 lb. to a lb. of linen) boil for 2 hours. Then boil up with sufficient quantity of the lichen till the desired colour is got. LIST OF LICHENS USED BY THE PEASANTRY OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES FOR WOOL DYEING[D] SHADES OF RED, PURPLE AND ORANGE _Borrera ashney._ Chutcheleera. India. _Conicularia aculeata._ var. _spadicea._ Brown prickly cornicularia. Canary Islands, Highland Mountains. _Evernia prunastri._ Ragged hoary Lichen. Stag's horn Lichen. Found in Scotland on trees. _Isidium corallinum._ White crottle. On rocks in Scotland. _I. Westringii._ Westring's Isidium. Norway and Sweden. _Lecanora tartarea._ Crotal, Crottle, Corkur, Corcir, Korkir. Found in the Scotch Highlands and Islands, growing on rocks; used for the manufacture of Cudbear in Leith and Glasgow. _L. parella._ Light Crottle, Crabs Eye Lichen. Found in Scotland, France and England, on rocks and trees; formerly celebrated in the South of France in the making of the dye called Orseille d'Auvergne. _L. haematomma._ Bloody spotted lecanora, Black lecanora. Found in Scotland on rocks and trees. _Lecidea sanguinaria._ Red fruited lecidea. In Scotland, on rocks. _Nephroma parilis._ Chocolate coloured nephroma. Scotland, on stones. Said to dye blue. _Parmelia caperata._ Stone Crottle, Arcel. Found in North of Ireland and Isle of Man, on trees. Said to dye brown, orange lemon and yellow. _P. conspersa._ Sprinkled parmelia. Found growing on rocks in England.