USES.--Internally as a gastric sedative in small doses for vomiting in dogs; is administered in various contagious and infectious diseases with the view of preventing or arresting the development of micro-organisms; it coagulates albumen, is not nearly so active as bichloride of mercury; 1 part to 500 parts of water prevents the growth of anthrax and other bacilli. Full doses produce gastro-enteritis, and collapse, which may end fatally; it is a muscular and nerve paralyzer, both internally and externally, it kills by paralyzing the muscles of respiration and the heart. It is chiefly eliminated from the system by the kidneys, giving the urine a brownish color. IN SURGERY.--A three to five per cent solution is used for washing out wounds, a two to three per cent for hands, and for itching of the skin, carbolic acid three or four drachms, glycerine two ounces to one pint of water. Do not use over large surface on dogs and not at all on cats. Phenol treatment for Tetanus, which has given very good results and I would recommend one drachm in three ounces of water, injected hypodermically in the region of neck and shoulder every two or three hours until twelve injections were given and less frequently thereafter. DOSES.--Of the phenol: Horses and cattle, 10 to 40 grs.; sheep and pigs, 5 to 10 grs.; dogs, ¹⁄₂ to 1 gr., well diluted. TOXICOLOGY.--Dogs and cats are especially susceptible to the action of carbolic acid, therefore great care must be exercised when washing, especially cats, with any preparation containing carbolic acid. Disinfecting and deodorizing cat’s quarters with any preparation containing carbolic acid makes them sick. ANTIDOTE.--Sulphates of soda or magnesia. Atropine sulphate hypodermically is a very valuable antidote. Alcohol and vinegar have been used with good results, both internally and externally. ACIDUM SALICYLICUM--SALICYLIC ACID An organic acid, existing naturally in combination in various plants, but largely prepared synthetically from carbolic acid. DERIVATION.--Made by passing carbonic dioxide through sodium carbolate at a temperature of 428° F. (220° C.). 2 NaC₆H₅O (sodium carbolate) + CO₂ = Na₂C₇H₄O₃ (sodium salicylate) + C₆H₆O (phenol). Sodium salicylate is treated with hydrochloric acid when salicylic acid is precipitated. PROPERTIES.--Light, fine, white, needle-shaped crystals, odorless, having a sweetish, afterwards acrid taste; permanent in air. Soluble in alcohol, ether and hot water; borax increases its solubility. DOSE.--Horses, 2 to 6 drs.; cattle, ¹⁄₂ to 1 oz.; sheep, 1 to 2 drs.; pigs, 30 to 40 grs.; dogs, 5 to 20 grs.; should be given well diluted; large doses are recommended for fevers, but smaller doses more often repeated in rheumatism. SODII SALICYLAS--SODIUM SALICYLAS DERIVATION.--Made by the action of salicylic acid on sodium carbonate. The solution is filtered and heated to expel carbon dioxide.