Vocational Psychology: Its Problems and MethodsHollingworth, Harry L. (Harry Levi)
Science
Vocational Psychology: Its Problems and Methods
Hollingworth, Harry L. (Harry Levi)
Psychophysiology
Turning from the employer himself, and his description of the ideal worker,
we may inquire what happens when the professional psychologist undertakes
this analysis? The only case in which an expert psychologist has attempted
this is to be found in Muensterberg's recent book on "Vocation and
Learning." It is there pointed out that every act and experience has its
threefold aspect, the aspect of knowing, that of feeling, and that of
doing. Corresponding to these three aspects, there are to be pointed out in
the case of each occupation the required information, the necessary
technical skill, and the special guiding personal interests and social
satisfactions. In order to clarify our knowledge of the special needs of
the various vocations, and presumably to aid in the guidance of individuals
in their vocational choices, eleven different representative vocations are
analyzed on this threefold basis. Two or three of the analyses may be given
here as an indication of the results arrived at by this method at the hands
of the avowed applied psychologist. The specification of the particular
technical knowledge we need not include for our purpose, since this
consists of information supplied through some form of education. The
outline on the following page brings together the requisite abilities and
the implied motives and interests, as stated for the occupations of
domestic worker, architect, physician, and journalist.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Occupation| Domestic Worker| Architect | Physician | Journalist
----------+----------------+--------------+--------------+------------
Abilities |Joyful work |Esthetic sense|Social dealing|Sociability
Required |Energy |Imagination |Energy |Energy
|Patience |Industry |Discretion |Memory
|Teaching |Drawing |Tact |Accuracy
|Economy |Modeling |Judgment |Judgment
|Physique |Specification | |Observation
| |Employment | |
| | of men | |
|Housekeeping |Architecture |Dissection |Typewriting
|Sewing |Engineering |Microscopical |Quick
|Cooking |Heating | Observation | Expression
|Nursing |Ventilating |Psychotherapy |Forceful
|House furnishing|Construction |Clinical | style
| | | Activity |
| | |Surgical |
| | | Technique |
----------+----------------+--------------+--------------+------------
Implied |Morality |Honor |Honor |Honor
Personal |Beauty |Beauty |Truth |Truth
Motives |Position |Position |Position |Influence
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