Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden — John Shaqi
Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of SwedenVoltaire
Philosophy
Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden
Voltaire
Charles XII, King of Sweden, 1682-1718
The signal was two musket-shots, and the word in German, “With God’s
help.” A general officer pointed out to him the greatness of the
danger. “Surely you have no doubt,” he replied, “but that I with my
8,000 brave Swedes shall trample down 80,000 Russians!” Then a moment
after, fearing that his speech was boastful, he ran after the officer.
“Do you not agree with me,” he said, “that I have a double advantage
over the enemy? First because their horse will be useless to them, and
secondly because, as the position is cramped, their numbers will only
incommode them, so that I shall really possess the advantage.” The
officer thought it best not to differ from him, and so they attacked
the Russians about noon, on the 30th November.
As soon as the cannon of the Swedes had made a breach in the
entrenchments they advanced with fixed bayonets, having the snow,
which drove full in the face of the enemy, behind them. The Russians
stood the fire for half-an-hour without quitting their posts. The King
attacked the Czar’s quarters, on the other side of the camp, and hoped
to meet him in person, for he was ignorant of the fact that he had gone
to meet his 40,000 reinforcements who were expected shortly. At the
first discharge the King received a ball in the shoulder; but it was a
spent ball which rested in the folds of his black cravat and did him no
harm.
His horse was killed under him, and it is said that the King leapt
nimbly on another, exclaiming, “These fellows make me take exercise.”
Then he continued to advance and give orders with the same presence
of mind as before. Within three hours the entrenchments were carried
on all sides: the King chased the enemy’s right as far as the river
Narva with his left, if one may speak of “chasing” when 4,000 men
are in pursuit of nearly 50,000. The bridge broke under them as they
fled; in a moment the river was full of dead bodies; the rest in
despair returned to their camp without knowing the direction in which
they were going. They found some huts behind which they stationed
themselves; there they defended themselves for a time because they had
no mean of escape; but finally their generals, Dolgorouky, Gollofkin
and Federowitz surrendered to the King and laid down their arms at
his feet. Just then the Duke of Croy arrived to surrender with thirty
officers.
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