The areca-nut, bananas, the coco-nut tree, the _Mava_ or _Mangueira_, the _Kaja_, _Ciamba_, _Plava_, and _Papamaram_, have been described by Gemelli Careri, in the third part of his Travels round the Globe, where figures of them may be seen. The _Nellimaram_ is a large tree which bears the so-called _Emblis_, a kind of plum used also in medicine, and in the Malabar language called _Nellika_. Its chief property, according to the natives, is, that it carries off the bile and slime which give rise to most of the diseases in India. It is customary to pickle these plums, and to eat them with rice[236]. _Karuvà_, or _Ilavanga_, is the name of that tree the bark of which is the _Cassia lignea_, or wild cinnamon[237]. It is of the size of a large European plum-tree, and has smooth green leaves, which are somewhat pulpy, and emit a strong smell. They are used in India as we use cinnamon. This Malabar cinnamon-tree grows without any nursing or care, and, were it cultivated, would approach near to that of Ceylon. The Dutch, however, do not wish it to thrive, and extirpate the trees in Malabar wherever they find them, in order that their cinnamon, which grows in the island of Ceylon, may not become of less value. _Muringa_, is the name of a tree which is highly valued by the inhabitants on the coast of Malabar. In the Arabic it is called _Moriaben_, and in Persian _Tamen Guzarat Trerida_. Its leaves, as well as the fruit, both of which are very small, are eaten with rice. They are said to cure the cholic, and expel poison. However this may be, it is certain that they afford a wholesome kind of nourishment. I several times caused soup to be made of the leaves as well as fruit of this tree, and always found it of benefit[238]. The only Malabar plant which I can with certainty call an antidote of poison is a shrub, about three or four feet in height, named _Alpam_. The root is pounded, and administered in warm water to those who have been poisoned. A Malabar proverb says: _Alpam agatta, Veszam poratta_; As soon as the Alpam root enters the body, poison leaves it. I must, however, confess, that the Theriac of Andromache (_Theriaca di Andromaco_) is much more powerful. The Indian saffron, in the Malabar language is called _Magnel_, in the Portuguese _Acafrao Indico_, and in the Samscred _Kunkuma_[239]. The Europeans employ this plant, which has yellow leaves, merely for dyeing; but the Brahmans ascribe to it the property of curing the itch and the gout, extenuating the juices, and purifying the skin from all spots arising from scorbutic acridities. The senna-tree, _Cassia Senna_, is called in the Malabar language _Nilavague_, and grows in the mountainous districts of Cape Comari. Its leaves, it is well known, are employed as a purgative.