Westminster Abbey: The last days of the monastery as shown by the life and times of Abbot John Islip, 1464-1532Westlake, H. F. (Herbert Francis)
History
Westminster Abbey: The last days of the monastery as shown by the life and times of Abbot John Islip, 1464-1532
Westlake, H. F. (Herbert Francis)
Islip, John, 1464-1532; Westminster Abbey
It is much to the spiritual credit of the Westminster community that in
general such problems were met by the spontaneous generosity of the one
side or the other. In all but one or two clearly defined cases it may be
said that these problems ultimately made for goodwill rather than
disruption, as giving occasion for the exercise of the primary virtue of
the Christian life. They form indeed no part of the actual story, but
some account of their nature is a necessary preliminary to an
understanding of the economy of the monastery at any period of its
history.
It is interesting to make a survey of the life and duties of the various
conventual officials in these latter days.
In theory the Abbot still slept in the dormitory and a chamber was kept
there for his use. In practice the only person who had access to it was
the Receiver of his household, and Brother John Islip records that when
he himself held that office he had two hundred pounds in money belonging
to the Abbot which he kept in a chest in this chamber. In theory the
Abbot dined in the refectory. In practice this may have occasionally
happened, but these occasions were evidently few. The ordinary
arrangement was for a fixed allowance of bread, generally six convent
loaves, to be sent to the Abbot when he was actually in residence at
Cheyneygates--the house now occupied by the Dean--or at his Manor of Eye
hard by. This allowance was not sent if he were absent at any other of
his manors. Otherwise he was expected to maintain his household and
entertain his private guests out of his official income. As it would not
always be easy to distinguish between personal and official visitors it
was provided that the Abbot might bring four guests to the refectory
without charge, but should he bring more than this number he was to be
responsible for the additional costs.
The Abbot’s income was derived from a considerable number of sources,
and in spite of the many existent documents which record them it is not
easy to make any exact estimate of its total, but at the close of the
fifteenth century it would seem to have amounted to not less than six
hundred pounds a year, no mean sum when the relative value of money is
considered. From this of course there were many necessary outgoings.
Estates had to be kept up and wages paid to local bailiffs and workmen,
and at the end of the financial year but a small balance remained to be
carried forward--and this sometimes was on the wrong side of the
account. In one casually selected year the actual household expenses of
the Abbot averaged more than forty pounds a month.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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