When boiled milk has been used, the change should be made to
pasteurized milk or raw milk if it can be secured clean and fresh. If
prepared foods have been given, the amount should be greatly decreased
and replaced by a cow’s-milk preparation in which a small percentage of
the prepared food may be included, or, better still, omitted entirely,
if a cow’s-milk preparation including a good substantial gruel will
agree.
In scurvy, orange juice or other fruit juices should be given, from 1
to 4 ounces a day, according to the age. Orange juice is particularly
valuable, 2 or 3 teaspoonfuls being given before each feeding.
A lack of fresh air often aids in producing scurvy.
* * * * *
[Sidenote: Feeding during the Second Year]
After the baby has reached the age of one year, we often feel that it
is not necessary to be so careful of its diet. However, the number of
deaths due to digestive disturbances caused by improper feeding during
the second year is significant.
After the child is a year old it should be given solid food _very
gradually_ to develop its digestive functions as well as its teeth. A
soft-boiled egg or a little beef juice may be added to the diet. Until
the appearance of the anterior molar teeth, however, the child’s diet
should be confined largely to milk. A thin slice of buttered bread or
a little plain rice or rice pudding, a soda cracker or bread crumbs in
milk may be given. The year-old child may also begin to drink cow’s
milk. One or two glasses a day may be given, until the child is at
least 13 or 14 years old.
Good judgment should be used in feeding children, as habits and tastes
are being formed, and whether they are normal or abnormal will depend
on the kind of food given and when.
Four meals a day, at regular intervals, and nothing but water between
these intervals, is considered the best plan.
Dry toast, zwieback, and crackers may be gradually added to the diet,
also well-cooked cereals, like cream of wheat, rice, and oatmeal. The
oatmeal should be strained the first few months it is given. Very
little sugar should be added to the cereals, as children very quickly
cultivate a desire for sweets, rejecting other more nourishing foods,
and too much sugar is apt to disturb the digestion. It is best during
the first few months that no sugar be added to cereals.
The amount of whole milk, or milk diluted with barley or oatmeal
gruel, should be limited to one quart when the other foods are given.
Beef juice (from one to two ounces), mutton broth, chicken broth, and
cereal broths may be given after the age of one year; not more than two
ounces at first, gradually increasing in a few months’ time to four
ounces. This is best given at the beginning of the noon feeding. These
broths have little nutritive value, but usually stimulate the appetite
for other foods.
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