Whitehall : $b historical and architectural notes — John Shaqi
Whitehall : $b historical and architectural notesLoftie, W. J. (William John)
History
Whitehall : $b historical and architectural notes
Loftie, W. J. (William John)
Architecture -- England -- London; Whitehall (London, England) -- History
The other wing, so called, of the palace had also three courts, the
interior architecture of which we may judge of by looking at the back,
or east, side of the Banqueting House, which was built to form part
of the north-eastern court on one side, and to look on the street of
Whitehall on the other. The Chapel was to have corresponded in the
north-western corner. Jones left elaborate plans for this building, and
a section in Kent is one of the most beautiful things in a beautiful
book. It was a double cube, of course, but the roof was vaulted, or, at
least, coved. Elaborate symbolical carving and angelic figures are on
the wall. The chapel has a narrow gallery above, and the order, which
is Ionic, fluted, below, is Corinthian above. Wide-arched openings
are in the view in Kent, but he does not show us what the other, or
chancel, end was to be like. It may be worth noting that, like Wren,
Jones was very free in his use of the orders, and it is not always
possible in the prints to distinguish Corinthian from Composite; but,
of course, where the lower storey was Ionic, the upper would not be
Composite.
As to the merits of this design for a palace, critics have been very
well agreed—except, unfortunately, during the madness of the supposed
Gothic revival. Had Barry been desired to use, or adapt, Jones’s
design, or part of it, for the new Houses of Parliament, what a noble
river-front we might have had! But it is useless to pursue such
thoughts. The opportunity was lost, and, for certainly the past thirty
years, there have been very few people in England who were really able
to judge of the Houses of Parliament apart from their ornamentation.
Inigo Jones’s design would have been the better of any ornament that
could have been bestowed on it, but ornament was not necessary. Marble
columns and gilt capitals would have looked well, but plain stone would
have been enough.
[Illustration: _First Design by_ INIGO JONES
_for the Rebuilding of Whitehall. Bird’s-eye View. From Müller._]
Fergusson well remarks that the greatest error in Jones’s design for
Whitehall was the vastness of its scale. It was as far beyond the
means as beyond the wants of James I. It is not, he continues, in
a long passage from which I only take a few sentences, so much in
dimensions as in beauty of design that this proposal surpassed other
European palaces. Externally, it would have surpassed the Louvre,
Versailles, or any other building of the kind, “by the happy manner in
which the angles are accentuated, by the boldness of the centre masses
in each façade, and by the play of light and shade, and the variety
of sky-line, which is obtained without ever interfering with the
simplicity of the design or the harmony of the whole.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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