The question now arises, what can the Physician, by real therapeutics, do to help? Much, I feel sure, if he will carefully and courageously apply the knowledge that has come to us of the late years. Firstly, Lauder Brunton showed us how we can quickly reduce the blood pressure that is one of the chief symptoms in angina pectoris, the immediate effect of amyl nitrite in reducing arterial tension, and the slower but very valuable effects of nitroglycerin and the other nitrites. This has enabled us to meet many an emergency, but the effects of these are not sustained enough to become a steady daily treatment. The orthodox remedy has been for years Iodide of Potassium; this has been by the teachers of the past so driven into us that, in spite of failures that far outweigh the successes, it has become heterodox to doubt it. Yet one must confess that one has been for years prescribing it more from a sense of duty than from any confident hope of its results. In a few cases, where there is cardiac pain and symptoms of new or chronic aortitis, it certainly does good, but in the average case of hyperpiesis it is a very poor reed to trust. How does Iodide act? Chiefly, in all probability, by stimulating the thyroid to pour more of its secretion into the blood stream. Thus is produced the absorption of gummata, of new lowly formed tissues and the thickenings of fibrositis and rheumatism. We see the same result more decidedly and more constantly in the treatment of myxœdema by thyroid feeding. As I have shown before, senile degeneration, premature and normal, is largely due to general endocrine degeneration and deficiency, and it has many relations to myxœdema. Thyroid deficiency as a rule means raised blood pressure, and, as has been shown in young animals deprived of their thyroids, a strong tendency to get atheromatous disease of the large arteries, even in youth. The parallels are many, and so are the lessons they convey. If one had a perfectly functioning thyroid in arterio-sclerosis, one might with some confidence treat it by Iodides; but as we know that such is not the condition in the great majority of cases, we should expect to fail. One would have to give Iodide in enormous quantities with any hope to whip up a senile thyroid into effectual activity, and then in all probability fail. (This may be the explanation of the miracles worked by big doses of Iodide in syphilitic gummata in the brain, but in these cases there is rarely evidence of thyroid deficiency.)