William Oughtred: A Great Seventeenth-Century Teacher of MathematicsCajori, Florian
History
William Oughtred: A Great Seventeenth-Century Teacher of Mathematics
Cajori, Florian
Mathematicians -- Biography; Mathematics -- Study and teaching -- History -- 17th century; Oughtred, William, 1575-1660
put a finger in onely, or wet a hand: now thus to tye them to an
obscure and Theoricall forme of teaching, is to crop their hope, even
in the very bud. . . . . The beginning of a mans knowledge even in the
use of an Instrument, is first founded on doctrinal precepts, and these
precepts may be conceived all along in its use: and are so farre from
being excluded, that they doe necessarily concomitate and are contained
therein: the practicke being better understood by the doctrinall part,
and this later explained by the Instrumentall, making precepts obvious
unto sense, and the Theory going along with the Instrument, better
informing and inlightning the understanding, etc. vis vnita fortior, so
as if that in Phylosophy bee true, Nihil est [in] intellectu quod non
prius fuit in sensu.
The difference between Oughtred and Delamain as to the use of
mathematical instruments raises important questions. Should the slide
rule be placed in the hands of a boy before, or after, he has mastered
the theory of logarithms? Should logarithmic tables be withheld from him
until the theoretical foundation is laid in the mind of the pupil? Is it
a good thing to let a boy use a surveying instrument unless he first
learns trigonometry? Is it advisable to permit a boy to familiarize
himself with the running of a dynamo before he has mastered the
underlying principles of electricity? Does the use of instruments
ordinarily discourage a boy from mastery of the theory? Or does such
manipulation constitute a natural and pleasing approach to the abstract?
On this particular point, who showed the profounder psychological
insight, Oughtred or Delamain?
In July, 1914, there was held in Edinburgh a celebration of the
three-hundredth anniversary of the invention of logarithms. On that
occasion there was collected at Edinburgh university one of the largest
exhibits ever seen of modern instruments of calculation. The opinion was
expressed by an experienced teacher that “weapons as those exhibited
there are for men and not for boys, and such danger as there may be in
them is of the same character as any form of too early specialization.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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