Winchester, Painted by Wilfrid BallVarley, Telford
History
Winchester, Painted by Wilfrid Ball
Varley, Telford
Winchester (England) -- Description and travel; Winchester (England) -- History; Winchester (England) -- Pictorial works
A somewhat full collection of Obedientiary Rolls, or official accounts
of St. Swithun’s Priory, still exists, and much valuable and interesting
information has been rendered accessible to the general public by Dean
Kitchen, who has edited them, and from these we can learn full details
of the daily life, dietary, and operations of the monks of St. Swithun.
They had two main meals a day, with certain other opportunities for
minor refreshment. Bread, cheese, meat, fish, and eggs appear to have
been freely provided, though it must be remembered that there were
always guests as well as the monks to be catered for. On fast days
‘drylinge,’ or salt fish, and mustard figured largely, the mustard
serving as a corrective to the unpalatable fare, and doubtless, too, a
useful tonic to bodies which had to endure so many hours in a stone
church or in an open cloister entirely unprovided with artificial means
of warming. Beer was the general, and wine a rarer beverage. Relishes
and extra dishes were granted from time to time, as, for instance, on
festival occasions, or as a reward for special duties. To guard against
chills furs were largely worn, and were indeed a heavy item of
expenditure. Spices were largely used as comforts in the same way as the
mustard already referred to, and to keep the monks in health the
gardener was required to supply each monk with a regulation number of
apples daily from Advent to Lent, doubtless, again, a wise provision at
a period when vegetables were
[Illustration: CLOISTERS AND FROMOND’S CHANTRY, WINCHESTER COLLEGE
“But let my due feet never fail
To walk the studious cloister’s pale.”
Cloisters, with Fromond’s Chantry in the centre (for College has two
chapels), forms one of the most poetic spots of Winchester College.
In earlier days school was held in Cloisters during the summer months.
In Cloisters the College dead lie buried. Many former scholars have cut
or carved their names on the stone-work of Cloisters, among them the
famous Ken, afterwards Bishop of Bath and Wells, who wrote his _Manual
of Prayers_ for the use of Winchester College Boys.
His morning hymn
“Awake, my soul, and with the sun,”
and evening hymn
“Glory to Thee, my God, this night,”
first appeared in this _Manual_. The inscription in Cloisters is “Thos.
Ken, 1665.”]
nowhere readily obtainable as at present. As an additional corrective,
blood-letting, five times a year, was an habitual practice, and as this
involved three days in hospital, _i.e._ practically three days’ holiday,
it was rather looked forward to than otherwise. ‘Shaving day’ was an
important event. On Maunday Thursday the monks washed each other’s feet,
and once a year they had a bath. The straw for the pallets, on which
they slept in the ‘dortour,’ was changed once a year.
The meals were taken in silence in the refectory, while, to transpose
the poet’s words,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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