Wit and its relation to the unconsciousFreud, Sigmund
Science
Wit and its relation to the unconscious
Freud, Sigmund
Subconsciousness; Wit and humor -- Psychological aspects
Thus it coincides with a uniform understanding that that person appears
comical to us who puts forth too much expenditure in his psychical
activities and too little in his mental activities; and it cannot be
denied that in both cases our laughing is the expression of a
pleasurably perceived superiority which we adjudge to ourselves in
comparison with him. If the relation in both cases becomes reversed,
that is, if the somatic expenditure of the other is less and the psychic
expenditure greater, then we no longer laugh, but are struck with
amazement and admiration.[71]
_Comic of Situation._
The origin of the comic pleasure discussed here, that is, the origin of
such pleasure in a comparison of the other person with one’s own self in
respect to the difference between the identification expenditure
(_Einfühlungsaufwand_) and normal expenditure—is genetically probably
the most important. It is certain, however, that it is not the only one.
We have learned before to disregard any such comparison between the
other person and one’s self, and to obtain the pleasure-bringing
difference from one side only, either from identification, or from the
processes in one’s own ego, proving thereby that the feeling of
superiority bears no essential relations to comic pleasure. A comparison
is indispensable, however, for the origin of this pleasure, and we find
this comparison between two energy expenditures which rapidly follow
each other and refer to the same function. It is produced either in
ourselves by way of identification with the other, or we find it without
any identification in our own psychic processes. The first case, in
which the other person still plays a part, though he is not compared
with ourselves, results when the pleasure-producing difference of energy
expenditures comes into existence through outer influences which we can
comprehend as a “situation,” for which reason this species of comic is
also called the “comic of situation.” The peculiarities of the person
who furnishes the comic do not here come into essential consideration;
we laugh when we admit to ourselves that had we been placed in the same
situation we should have done the same thing. Here we draw the comic
from the relation of the individual to the often all-too-powerful outer
world, which is represented in the psychic processes of the individual
by the conventions and necessities of society, and even by his bodily
needs. A typical example of the latter is when a person engaged in an
activity, which claims all his psychic forces, is suddenly disturbed by
a pain or excremental need. The opposite case which furnishes us the
comic difference through identification, lies between the great interest
which existed before the disturbance occurred and the minimum left for
his psychic activity after the disturbance made its appearance. The
person who furnishes us this difference again becomes comical through
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