In the first place, I notice that the behavior of Hamlet, which has
the reputation of being feigned, is a genuine exercise of Irony, and
consequently covers a feeling and purpose that are directly opposite
to its tone of lightness; but it results organically from Hamlet's new
experience, and does not require to be premeditated as madness would
be. We see his vigorous and subtle mind set open by the revelations
of the ghost; but it is too well hung to be slamming to and fro in
gusts of real madness, and its normal movement shuts out the need of
feigning. When his father first tells that he has been murdered, we
find that Hamlet thinks himself quite capable of decision: there is no
infirmity of purpose in that early mood to sweep to his revenge "with
wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love." What is it that
converts this mood into an irresoluteness which contrives the whole
suspense, and in fact gives us the whole tragedy? First, partly, that
his father tells Hamlet he was murdered by his own brother. Then the
question of revenge becomes more difficult to settle, especially as
it involves widowing his mother; and it is noticeable that the father
himself, who afterwards deplored Hamlet's irresolution, had previously
made suggestions to him which hampered his action by constraining him
to feel how complicated the situation was. The father's caution runs
thus:--
"But, howsoever thou pursu'st this act,
Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive
Against thy mother aught: leave her to Heaven,
And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge,
To prick and sting."
This does not inhibit Hamlet from dealing retribution on the uncle, but
clogs a mind so sensitive with the drawback of consideration for the
wife: she is evidently no accomplice or confidant of the murder; that
is clear from the uniform respect, and even tenderness, which the ghost
craves for her.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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