APPEARANCE OF WOOD: Color, heart-wood, very light brown, almost cream color, sap-wood, nearly white; non-porous; rings, fine but distinct; grain, straight; pith rays, very faint; resin ducts, small, inconspicuous. [Illustration: Leaf.] PHYSICAL QUALITIES: Weight, very light (59th in this list); 27 lbs. per cu. ft.; sp. gr. 0.3854; strength, medium (55th in this list); elasticity, medium (47th in this list); soft (57th in this list); shrinkage 3 per cent.; warps very little; durability, moderate; works easily in every way; splits easily but nails well. COMMON USES: Doors, window sashes and other carpentry, pattern-making, cabinet-work, matches. REMARKS: This best of American woods is now rapidly becoming scarce and higher in price. Its uses are due to its uniform grain, on account of which it is easily worked and stands well. Known in the English market as yellow pine. [Illustration: Radial Section, life size.] [Illustration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters.] [Illustration: Tangential Section, life size.] 2 WESTERN WHITE PINE. _Pinus monticola_ Douglas. _Pinus_, the classical Latin name; _monticola_ means mountain-dweller. [Illustration: Habitat.] HABITAT: (See map); grows at great elevations, 7,000'-10,000'. Best in northern Idaho. [Illustration: Leaf.] CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TREE: Height, 100'-160'; diameter, 4' to even 8'; branches, slender, spreading; bark, gray and brown, divided into squarish plates by deep longitudinal and cross fissures; leaves, 5 in sheath; cones, 12"×18" long. APPEARANCE OF WOOD: Color, light brown or red, sap-wood nearly white; non-porous; rings, summer wood, thin and not conspicuous; grain, straight; rays, numerous, obscure; resin ducts, numerous and conspicuous tho not large. PHYSICAL QUALITIES: Weight, very light (58th in this list); 24 lbs. per cu. ft.; sp. gr. 0.3908; strength, medium (56th in this list); elastic (35th in this list); soft (63d in this list); shrinkage, 3 per cent.; warps little; moderately durable; easy to work; splits readily but nails well. COMMON USES: Lumber for construction and interior finish. REMARKS: Closely resembles _Pinus Strobus_ in appearance and quality of wood. [Illustration: Radial Section, life size.] [Illustration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters.] [Illustration: Tangential Section, life size.] 3 SUGAR PINE. Sugar refers to sweetish exudation. _Pinus lambertiana_ Douglas. _Pinus_, the classical Latin name; _lambertiana_, from the botanist, A. B. Lambert, whose chief work was on Pines. [Illustration: Habitat.] HABITAT: (See map); grows on high elevations (5,000'), best in northern California. [Illustration: Leaf.] CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TREE: Height, 100'-300'; diameter, 15"-20"; branches, in remote regular whorls; bark, rich purple or brown, thick, deep irregular fissures making long, flaky ridges; leaves, stout, rigid, in bundles of five; cones, 10"-18" long.