Works of Martin Luther, with Introductions and Notes (Volume I)Luther, Martin
ReligionChristian
Works of Martin Luther, with Introductions and Notes (Volume I)
Luther, Martin
Lutheran Church -- Early works to 1800; Theology -- History -- 16th century -- Early works to 1800
The Lutheran conception is centered upon the person of the
sinner, rather than on his sins. It is the person who is forgiven
his sins. Where the person is forgiven but one sin, all his sins
are forgiven; where the least sin is retained, all sins are
retained, and none forgiven, for "there is no condemnation to
them that are in Christ Jesus" (Rom. 8:1). The value of the
confession lies not in the confession itself, but in that,
through this confession, we turn to Christ and the word of His
promise.[6]
In Luther's opinion, there are three species of confession.[7]
One to God, in one's own heart, which is of absolute necessity,
and which the true believer is always making; a second to our
neighbor, when we have done him a wrong, which is also of divine
command; and, a third to a "brother," "wherein we receive from
the mouth of that brother the word of consolation sent from God."
[8] This last species, the verbum solatii ex ore fratris, while
not commanded in Holy Scripture, is commended because of the
great value which it has for those who fed the need of
consolation, and the instruction for which it affords the
opportunity. It is only by the individualizing of the confession
that the comfort to be derived by the individualizing of the
promise can be obtained. Hence, as the Augsburg Confession
declares (Article XI.): "Private" [i. e., personal] "confession
is retained because of the absolution."[9] Not that, without the
absolution, there is not forgiveness, but that, through it, the
one absolved rejoices all the more in the possession of that
which he possessed even before the absolution, and goes forth
from it strengthened to meet temptation because of the new
assurance that he has of God's love. This form of confession,
therefore, instead of being a condition of forgiveness, as is our
inner confession to God, is a privilege of the justified man,
who, before he has made such confession, has been forgiven, and
whose sins that lie still concealed from his knowledge are just
as truly forgiven as those over which he grieves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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