Yoga as philosophy and religionDasgupta, Surendranath
Religion
Yoga as philosophy and religion
Dasgupta, Surendranath
Hindu philosophy; Patañjali; Yoga
Prakṛti, though a substantive entity is yet a potential power, being
actualised as its various modifications, the aviśeshas and the viśeshas.
Being of the nature of power, the movement by which it actualises itself
is immanent within itself and not caused from without. The operation of
the concomitant conditions is only manifested in the removal of the
negative barriers by which the power was stopped or prevented from
actualising itself. Being of the nature of power, its potentiality means
that it is kept in equilibrium by virtue of the opposing tendencies
inherent within it, which serve to obstruct one another and are
therefore called the āvaraṇa śakti. Of course it is evident that there
is no real or absolute distinction between the opposing force (_āvaraṇa
śakti_) and the energising force (_kāryyakarī śakti_); they may be
called so only relatively, for the same tendency which may appear as the
_āvaraṇa śakti_ of some tendencies may appear as the _kāryyakarī śakti_
elsewhere. The example chosen to explain the nature of prakṛti and its
modifications conceived as power tending towards actuality from
potentiality in the _Vyāsa-bhāshya_ is that of a sheet of water enclosed
by temporary walls within a field, but always tending to run out of it.
As soon as the temporary wall is broken in some direction, the water
rushes out of itself, and what one has to do is to break the wall at a
particular place. Prakṛti is also the potential for all the infinite
diversity of things in the phenomenal world, but the potential tendency
of all these mutually opposed and diverse things cannot be actualised
together. Owing to the concomitant conditions when the barrier of a
certain tendency is removed, it at once actualises itself in its effect
and so on.
We can only expect to get any effect from any cause if the necessary
barriers can be removed, for everything is everything potentially and it
is only necessary to remove the particular barrier which is obstructing
the power from actualising itself in that particular effect towards
which it is always potentially tending. Thus Nandī who was a man is at
once turned into a god for his particular merit, which served to break
all the barriers of the potential tendency of his body towards becoming
divine, so that the barriers being removed the potential power of the
prakṛti of his body at once actualises itself in the divine body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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