Yoga as philosophy and religionDasgupta, Surendranath
Religion
Yoga as philosophy and religion
Dasgupta, Surendranath
Hindu philosophy; Patañjali; Yoga
They have no purpose of their own to serve, but they all are always
evolving, as Dr. Seal says, “ever from a relatively less differentiated,
less determinate, less coherent whole, to a relatively more
differentiated, more determinate, more coherent whole”[7] for the
experiences and liberation of purusha, or spirit. When in a state of
equilibrium they cannot serve the purpose of the purusha, so that state
of the guṇas is not for the sake of the purusha; it is its own
independent eternal state. All the other three stages of evolution, viz.
the liṅga (sign), aviśesha (unspecialised) and viśesha (specialised)
have been caused for the sake of the purusha.[8] Thus Vyāsa writes:—[9]
“The objects of the purusha are no cause of the original state
(_aliṅga_). That is to say, the fulfilment of the objects of the purusha
is not the cause which brings about the manifestation of the original
state of prakṛti in the beginning. The fulfilment of the objects of the
purusha is not therefore the reason of the existence of that ultimate
state. Since it is not brought into existence by the need of the
fulfilment of the purusha’s objects it is said to be eternal. As to the
three specialised states, the fulfilment of the objects of the purusha
becomes the cause of their manifestation in the beginning. The
fulfilment of the objects of the purusha is not therefore the reason for
the existence of the cause. Since it is not brought into existence by
the purusha’s objects it is said to be eternal. As to the three
specialised states, the fulfilment of the objects of the purusha being
the cause of their manifestation in the beginning, they are said to be
non-eternal.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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