“Moreover, the social demand is not at all constant; it varies
from month to month, from week to week, even from day to day. Many
requirements cannot be foreseen in the least; suddenly and unexpectedly
they make their presence felt. Weekly or even daily inquiries would
become necessary, or at least there would be needed numerous offices
where lists of requirements could be filed.
“However, it would not suffice to provide for single families. The
needs of society at large, all the public requirements, would also
have to be satisfied. In the first place would come the arrangements
for transportation: streets and roads, bridges, railways, canals,
vehicles of all kinds. The care of all this would be incumbent on the
paternal State. What an amount of daily exertion to supply a large city
with meat, milk, fruit, vegetables, etc. Private hotels would also be
abolished. It would become the functions of public officials to provide
shelter, food, and service for every comer, unless travelling is to be
forbidden in the Socialist commonwealth. Then, again, the whole of the
building business will be in the hands of the State. Public and private
edifices, dwellings, schools, hospitals, insane asylums, storehouses,
theatres, museums, public halls, post and telegraph offices, railroad
stations, would have to be erected and kept in repair, or enlarged
as necessity required. And these buildings could not be handed over
to contractors as is generally done nowadays; the State alone could
take care of drawing up the plans and specifications, of gathering
the necessary materials and workmen, of directing and supervising
the erection. If the State is supposed to do all this systematically,
without squandering an immense amount of labor and materials, the
extent and quality of the requirements in the entire commonwealth must
be ascertained long beforehand by some responsible authority.
“What the different cities and town administrations are doing now,
and as a rule through private contractors, in the matter of streets,
public health, water supply, lighting, baths, etc., would fall to the
care of the State. Physicians, surgeons, druggists, nurses, midwives,
would have to be appointed, and it would be incumbent upon the State to
provide for the professional education of a sufficient number of people
for all these offices. The State would have to find ways and means
to take care of education, of the press, literature, arts, theatres,
museums, etc.... To this would have to be added the management of
the farms, vineyards, vegetable gardens, cattle and stock raising,
the forests and fisheries, mining, smelting, and other industrial
processes. In all these departments, the requirements would have to
be accurately ascertained before there would be any question of a
systematic regulation of production.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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