سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَاتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُهُ فَابْتَاعَ رَجُلًا مِنْ كَسْبِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُعْتَقَ أَصَابَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مَالًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَهُ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ مِيرَاثُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الرَّقَبَةُ الَّتِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ فِي ظِهَارٍ أَوْ شُكْرٍ أَوْ وَاجِبَةً عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ الْمُعْتَقَ سَائِبَةٌ لَا سَبِيلَ لِأَحَدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ تَوَالَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَضَمِنَ جِنَايَتَهُ وَ حَدَثَهُ كَانَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ وَارِثَهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرِيبٌ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَوَالَى إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى مَاتَ فَإِنَّ مِيرَاثَهُ لِإِمَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرِيبٌ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الرَّقَبَةُ عَلَى أَبِيهِ تَطَوُّعاً وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ عَنْهُ نَسَمَةً فَإِنَّ وَلَاءَ الْمُعْتَقِ هُوَ مِيرَاثٌ لِجَمِيعِ وُلْدِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ قَالَ وَ يَكُونُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ وَ أَعْتَقَهُ بِأَمْرِ أَبِيهِ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمُعْتَقِ قَرَابَةٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَحْرَارٌ يَرِثُونَهُ قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ابْنُهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَى الرَّقَبَةَ فَأَعْتَقَهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ مِنْ مَالِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيهِ تَطَوُّعاً مِنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَبُوهُ أَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ وَلَاءَهُ وَ مِيرَاثَهُ لِلَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَأَعْتَقَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمُعْتَقِ وَارِثٌ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ .
Translation
Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub, form Bureyd Bin MUawiya Al Ajaly who said, ‘I asked Abu Ja’far<sup>asws</sup> about a man upon whom was the emancipation of a neck, so he died before he could emancipate a neck. So his son went and bought a slave from his own earning and emancipated him on behalf of his father. Then the freed slave got wealth after that, then died and left it for the one who happened to be his inheritor. He (the narrator) said, ‘So he<sup>asws</sup> said: ‘If the (freeing of) the neck which was upon his father was with regards to <span class="iTxt">Zihaar</span>, or a thankfulness, or an Obligation upon him, so the freed one would be a unconditionally freed one. There would not be a way for anyone over him. If he had given his guardianship to anyone from the Muslims, so he would be responsible for his crimes, and his liabilities, he would be his guardian and his inheritor, if there do not happen to be any relatives to inherit him. And if he not give guardianship to anyone from the Muslims until he died, so his inheritance is for the Imam<sup>asws</sup> of the Muslims, if there do not happen to be any who would inherit him’. He<sup>asws</sup> said: ‘And if the (freeing of) the neck upon his father was voluntary, and his father had instructed him that he should emancipate a person on his behalf, so the guardianship of the emancipated one, it is the inheritance of the entirety of the children of the deceased, from the men’. He<sup>asws</sup> said: ‘And the one who bought him and emancipated him by the instruction of his father would happen to be one from the inheritors, if there do not happen to be any relatives from the free Muslims for the emancipated one, who would inherit him. And if it was that the son who bought the neck, so he emancipated it on behalf of his father from his own wealth, after the death of his father, voluntarily from other than his father having instructed him for that, so his guardianship and his inheritance is for the one who bought him, from his own wealth, so he emancipated on behalf of his father, if there do not happen to be, for the emancipated one, an inheritor from his relatives’.
Compiled by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni
Source
License: Free for educational and research use (Thaqalayn Data API)
Provided for research and educational purposes. Original source: Thaqalayn Project. Open License.