Feminism in Greek Literature from Homer to Aristotle
Aristotle · en
Between this, the first act, and the second there is a short interval
of time; and when we see Lysistrata again she is having some difficulty
in keeping her women together and away from their husbands. ‘You long
for your men,’ she says; ‘don’t you think they are longing for you? I am
sure they are finding the nights very hard. Hold out, good friends, and
bear it for a little while longer.’ Her arguments are successful, and
soon the first man comes in, with a baby in his arms, prepared to submit
to any terms. But till the peace is made, no arrangement is possible and
the poor husband goes away unsatisfied. Finally, a joint deputation of
Spartans and Athenians appear before Lysistrata. She, as a woman, and
therefore, she says, a person of sense, has no difficulty in arranging
for them terms of peace which are satisfactory to both sides; and so the
play ends with a ‘necklace’ dance, men and women dancing hand in hand.
But this brief summary gives little idea of all the devices of
stage-craft in which the _Lysistrata_ abounds. It is eminently an acting
play, and can still fill a theatre. The language is certainly gross and
its heroine is entirely lacking in modest reticence, but a glance at the
French adaptation by M. Donnay, of the Academy, and especially at the
additional episodes there introduced, will prove that grossness is not
the worst thing in the world, and that a quiet tongue does not always
mean a virtuous mind.
The Women in Assembly, _Ecclesiazusæ_, is much less vigorous. Written
twenty years later than the _Lysistrata_, it shows plain signs of old
age and failing powers. Euripides and Socrates have both passed away;
the Socratic Circle has broken up. Tragedy is dead, and comedy is dying,
for Aristophanes has lost most of that ‘vis comica’ which was his most
wonderful possession. The influence of Plato is substituted for the
influence of Euripides, and the play is a parody of feminist theories as
they are developed in the Republic.
The construction, however, is poor: the action halts and changes midway
in the play; the first part is effective enough, but it would be more
effective if we did not remember the _Lysistrata_, whose themes it
repeats with less vigour.