Produced by Charlene Taylor, Marilynda Fraser-Cunliffe, Josephine Paolucci and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. [Illustration: Engraved by J. Horsburgh. LINNAEUS. PUBLISHED BY OLIVER & BOYD, EDINBURGH] LIVES OF EMINENT ZOOLOGISTS, FROM ARISTOTLE TO LINNAEUS: WITH INTRODUCTORY REMARKS ON THE STUDY OF NATURAL HISTORY, AND OCCASIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE PROGRESS OF ZOOLOGY. BY W. MACGILLIVRAY, A.M., F.R.S.E., &c. Author of "A Narrative of the Travels and Researches of Alexander Von Humboldt." WITH A PORTRAIT OF LINNAEUS ENGRAVED BY HORSBURGH. SECOND EDITION. EDINBURGH: OLIVER & BOYD, TWEEDDALE COURT; AND SIMPKIN & MARSHALL, LONDON. MDCCCXXXIV. ENTERED IN STATIONERS' HALL. Printed by Oliver & Boyd, Tweeddale Court, High Street, Edinburgh. PREFACE. Natural History has of late become a favourite pursuit in this country; and although its progress as a study may not have been equal to the enthusiasm which it has excited, its general effect is unquestionably beneficial. In consequence of the interest which it has created, a great variety of works, from the simple catechism to the elaborate treatise, have appeared in rapid succession. But while compends and manuals are thus multiplied, little has been said with regard to the private history and professional pursuits of the distinguished persons who have contributed most to the general stock of knowledge from which these popular essays have in a great measure been derived. We have, therefore, endeavoured in some degree to supply this deficiency, by presenting a series of Lives of the more Eminent Zoologists, from Aristotle to Linnaeus inclusive. In the Introduction will be found a view of the objects, to the investigation of which the talents of the individuals whose annals we record were principally directed. The remarks there offered are calculated to enable such readers as may not have been previously acquainted with the subject to comprehend many circumstances which might otherwise appear unintelligible.