An Irish precursor of Dante : $b a study on the Vision of Heaven and Hell ascribed to the eighth-century Irish saint Adamnán, with translation of the Irish text
Dante Alighieri · en
A herd of horses like yellow gold is there on the
strand; another herd, of purple hue; after them, yet another
herd, of the hue of a pure grey pearl. At the sun’s uprising
a fair man will come, who illumines the level lands; he rides
over the fair plain whereon the sea beats, he tempers the ocean
till it is [as] blood. The host will come across the pure sea;
they show themselves, rowing towards the land; then they row
to a flat rock, well in view, whence a hundred songs arise.
It chants melody to the hosts, so that sorrow is not therein;
the music swells from the choirs of hundreds, who look not
for return or death. Emain of many forms by the sea, it may
be near, it may be far; therein are women, many thousands, in
chequered array, and the pure sea round about it. When he has
heard the music’s sound, the note of the birds in Imchiúin, a
little band of ladies will come down from the height to the
field of games, whereon he stands. Freedom with health shall
come to the land on which laughter is poured forth; ’tis on
Imchiúin, at every season, that length of life with joy shall
come. A day of serenity unending scatters silver on the land;
a pure white cliff is on the seaboard range, drawing the sun’s
heat from him. The multitude race their horses along Magh Mon,
a glorious sport, not languid; in the chequered lea-land, all
beauty excelling (?), they look not for return nor death.’
We may see at a glance how thoroughly pagan is the conception of the
happy region here depicted, though assuredly lacking neither in beauty
nor refinement, in which respects the Tír Tairngire need fear no
comparison with the Elysium of the Greek poets, which it so strongly
resembles. It is equally evident that the lord of this Island Paradise,
Manannán Mac Lír, is the Tuatha Dé Danann counterpart of the Fomorian
Tethra, king of the dead, who sends his messengers in the guise of
beautiful women--ἄγγελοι in all literalness--to call his subjects unto
him in his realm beyond the ocean. Indeed, Tethra himself appears
in a legend, exactly parallel to the foregoing in design, though of
more primitive structure, which relates the passing of Connla, son of
the famous Árd-Rí, Conn of the Hundred Battles. Connla, like Bran,
was visited by a beautiful damsel, who promised to confer upon him a
continuance of youth and beauty which should never fail or fade until
the Judgment. She then gave him an apple and left him. The virtue of
this apple was such that it afforded Connla nutriment enough for a
month, at the end of which time the damsel returned, and told him that
the ever-living ones had sent for him, having chosen him to become one
of the folk of Tethra, there to dwell for ever, in the companies of his
forefathers, in the midst of his acquaintance and friends.[110] And
Connla followed her to the sea-shore, where a ship of glass awaited