THE RENAISSANCE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. Childhood of Rossetti—Religious and Literary Influences—Art Training—Conflict between Imagination and Technique— Friendship with Millais and Holman Hunt—The Westminster Hall Competitions—Ford Madox Brown—Influence of Ruskin’s “Modern Painters”—The Early Italian Masters—The Renaissance in Mediæval Europe—Relation of Paganism to Christianity—Revival of Hellenism, and blending of Classic with Romantic Art—Growth of Technique and Return to Convention—The Rule of the Raphaelesque 18 CHAPTER III. THE PRE-RAPHAELITE BROTHERHOOD. The Revolt from the Raphaelesque—Influence of Keats and the Romantic Poets—The Pre-Raphaelite Brothers and their Early work—Travels of Rossetti with Hunt—Publication of “The Germ”—Hunt and Millais in the Royal Academy—Ruskin’s letters to the “Times”—Pre-Raphaelitism at Liverpool—The Pre-Raphaelites as Colourists 56 CHAPTER IV. PERIOD OF TRANSITION. Influence of Browning and Tennyson—Comparison of Rossetti and Browning—Influence of Dante—Introduction to Miss Siddal—Rossetti’s Water-Colours—Madox Brown and Romantic Realism—The Dispersal of the Brotherhood—Departure of Woolner—Ideals of Portraiture—Rossetti and Public Exhibitions—Death of Deverell—Rossetti’s Friendship with Ruskin—Apostasy of Millais—The Rank and File of the Movement—Relation to Foreign Schools 92 CHAPTER V. LATER DEVELOPMENTS OF THE MOVEMENT. The Pre-Raphaelites as Book-Illustrators—Moxon’s “Tennyson”— The “Oxford and Cambridge Magazine”—The Oxford Frescoes— Oxford Patrons of Millais and Hunt—Departure of Hunt for Palestine—The Pictures of Madox Brown—Further Developments of Rossetti’s Painting—Marriage and Bereavement—“Beata Beatrix”—Replicas—Life at Chelsea—Later Models—Designs for Stained Glass—Visit to Penkill—“Dante’s Dream”—Publication and Reception of the “Poems”—Paintings of Rossetti’s Last Decade—Death at Birchington 136 CHAPTER VI. TREATMENT OF RELIGIOUS SUBJECTS.