The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 06: (From Barbarossa to Dante)
Dante Alighieri · en
Had it been Baldwin III to whom he was speaking, the insinuation would
have been thrust aside with scorn and disgust. To the mean mind of Guy
it carried with it its own evidence; and it was resolved to meet the
Saracen on ground of his own choosing. The troops of Saladin were
already distressed by heat and thirst when they encountered the Latin
army from Jerusalem. The issue of the first day's fighting was
undecided; but the heat of a Syrian summer night was for the
Christians rendered more terrible by the stifling smoke of woods set
on fire by the orders of Saladin. Parched with thirst, and well
knowing that on the event of that day depended the preservation of the
Holy Sepulchre, the crusaders at sunrise rushed with their fierce
war-cries on the enemy. Before them the golden glory of morning lit up
the radiant shores of the tranquil sea where the Galilean fisherman
had heard from the lips of Jesus of Nazareth the word of life.
But nearer still was a memorial yet more holy, a pledge of divine
favor yet more assuring. On a hillock hard by was raised the relic of
the true cross, and this hillock was many times a rallying point
during this bloody day. There was little of generalship perhaps on
either side; and where men are left to mere hard fighting, numbers
must determine the issue. The hosts of Saladin far outnumbered those
of the Latin chiefs; and for these retreat ended in massacre. The King
and the grand master of the Templars were taken prisoners; the holy
relic which had spurred them on to desperate exertion fell into the
hands of the infidels.
The victory of Saladin was rich in its fruits. Tiberias was taken.
Berytos, Acre, Cæsarea, Jaffa opened their gates; Tyre alone was saved
by the heroism of Conrad of Montferrat, brother of the first husband
of Queen Sibylla. Not caring to undertake a regular siege, Saladin
marched to Ascalon, and offered its defenders an honorable peace,
which after some hesitation was accepted.
The rejection of Raymond's advice had left Jerusalem practically at
the mercy of Saladin. It was crowded with people, but the garrison was
scanty, and the armies which should have defended it were gone. Their
presence would not, probably, have availed to give a different issue
to the siege; but it must have added fearfully to its horrors. Saladin
had made up his mind that the Latin kingdom must fall, and he would
have fought on until either he or his enemies could fight no longer.
Numbers, wealth, resources, military skill, instruments of war, all
combined to give him advantages before which mere bravery must sooner
or later go down; and protracted resistance meant nothing more than
the infliction of useless misery.