Three Philosophical Poets: Lucretius, Dante, and Goethe
Dante Alighieri · en
This death, however, is itself unstable. The Lucretian Venus, by
reshaping our senses and instincts, builds that coloured dome once more.
The rainbow is renewed, as the mists rise again or the wind dies down,
and creation is glorious as on the first day.
This is Goethe’s theory of rejuvenation and immortality. It is
thoroughly naturalistic. There is a life after death, but only for such
souls as have enough scope to identify themselves with those forms which
nature, in her uncertain oscillations, always tends to reproduce. A deep
mind has deep roots in nature,--it will bloom many times over. But what
a deep mind carries over into its next incarnation--perhaps in some
remote sphere--is not its conventional merits and demerits, its load of
remorse, or its sordid memories. These are washed away in its new
baptism. What remains is only what was deep in that deep mind, so deep
that new situations may again imply and admit it.
When, after the scene with the Earth-Spirit, Faust thought of suicide,
he regarded it as a means to escape from oppressive conditions and to
begin a fresh life under conditions wholly different and unknown. It was
as if a man in middle life, disgusted with his profession, should
abandon it to take up another. Such a resolution is serious. It
expresses a great dissatisfaction with things as they stand, but it also
expresses a great hope. Death, for Faust, is an adventure, like any
other; and if, contrary to his presumption, this adventure should prove
the last, that, too, is a risk he is willing to run. Accordingly, as he
lifted the poison to his lips, he drank to the dawn, to a new springtime
of existence. It was by no means the saddest nor the weakest moment of
his life.[16]