The Introduction to Hegel's Philosophy of Fine Arts: Translated from the German with Notes and Prefatory Essay
Georg Hegel · en
But, on the other hand, this type of Art,[160] like every other, needs
an external vehicle of expression. Now the spiritual has withdrawn
into itself out of the external and its immediate oneness therewith.
For this reason, the sensuous externality of concrete form is accepted
and represented, as in Symbolic art, as something transient and
fugitive. And the same measure is dealt to the subjective finite mind
and will, even including the peculiarity or caprice of the individual,
of character, action, etc., or of incident and plot. The aspect of
external existence is committed to contingency, and left at the mercy
of freaks of imagination, whose caprice is no more likely to mirror
what is given _as_ it is given, than to throw the shapes of the outer
world into chance medley, or distort them into grotesqueness. For this
external element no longer has its notion and significance, as in
classical art, in its own sphere, and in its own medium. It has come
to find them in the feelings, the display of which is _in themselves_
instead of being in the external and _its_ form of reality, and which
have the power to preserve or to regain their state of reconciliation
with themselves, in every accident, in every unessential circumstance
that takes independent shape, in all misfortune and grief, and even in
crime.
Owing to this, the characteristics of symbolic art, in difference,
discrepancy, and severance of Idea and plastic shape, are here
reproduced, but with an essential difference. In the sphere of the
romantic, the Idea, whose defectiveness in the case of the symbol
produced the defect of external shape, has to reveal itself in the
medium of spirit and feelings as perfected in itself. And it is because
of this higher perfection that it withdraws itself from any adequate
union with the external element, inasmuch as it can seek and achieve
its true reality and revelation nowhere but in itself.
This we may take as in the abstract the character of the symbolic,
classical, and romantic forms of art, which represent the three
relations of the Idea to its embodiment in the sphere of art. They
consist in the aspiration after, and the attainment and transcendence
of the Ideal as the true Idea of beauty.