_Secondly_, we shall have to discuss the particular _distinctions_, in which musical tones and their modes[387] are developed and mediated partly in respect to their temporal duration, and partly in relation to the qualitative distinctions of their actual resonance. _Thirdly_, and in conclusion, music possesses a relation to the content, which it expresses, either by being associated as an accompaniment[388] with emotions, ideas, and considerations independently expressed by word of mouth, or by its free expansion within its own domain in unfettered independence. In proposing now, however, after having thus in a general way specified the principle and division of the subject-matter of Music, to enter into a more detailed examination of its particular aspects, we are inevitably confronted with a peculiar difficulty. In other words, for the reason that the musical medium of tone and ideality, in which the content moves as a process, is of so abstract and formal a character, it is impossible for us to attempt such a closer survey without at the same time broaching technical formulae and definitions such as belong to the relations of tone-measure or distinctions that apply to different instruments, scales, or chords. I must admit to no expert knowledge in this sphere of musical science, and can only offer my apologies for being unable to do more than limit myself to more general points of view and a few isolated observations. 1. THE GENERAL CHARACTER OF MUSIC The essential points of view which are of general importance in a survey of music we may examine under the following heads of division: _First_, we have to compare music on the one hand with the plastic arts, and on the other with poetry. _Secondly_, we shall by means of the above comparison be in a better position to understand the way in which music is able to master and disclose a given content. _Thirdly_, and as a result of the latter inquiry, we may with more accuracy explain the peculiar effect which the art of music, in contradistinction to the other arts, exercises on the soul. (_a_) With regard to the first point we should, if we are desirous of setting it forth clearly in its specific individuality, compare music with the other two arts from three distinct points of view. (_α_) And, _first_, it may be observed that it stands in a relation of affinity to _architecture_, although it is in strong contrast with it.