(_a_) Fundamental definition of the art. Combines the subject-matter of architecture and sculpture. More popular than sculpture [(_α_) Individuality must not be suffered to pass wholly into the universality of its substance. Introduction of accidental features as in Nature (_β_) Greatly extended field of subject-matter. The entire world of the religious idea, history, Nature, all that concerns humanity included (_γ_) A revelation further of the objective existence of soul-life. Vitality of artist imported into his presentation of natural objects] (_b_) The sensuous medium of Painting [(_α_) Compresses the three dimensions of Space into two. Its greater abstraction, as compared with sculpture, implies an advance ideally. Its object is semblance merely, its interest that of contemplation. The nature of its locale (_β_) Its higher power of differentiation. Light its medium. This implies, even in Nature, a movement towards ideality. The appearance of light and shadow in painting intentional. Form is the creation of light and shadow simply. This fact supplies rationale of the removal of one dimension from spatial condition (_γ_) This medium enables the art to elaborate the entire extent of the phenomenal world] (_c_) The principle of the artistic mode of treatment [Two opposed directions in painting, one the expression of spiritual significance by interfusion with or abstraction from objective phenomena, the other the reproduction of every kind of detail as not alien to its fundamental principle. Illustrations of the two methods and their relative opposition, or reconciliation] 2. Particular modes in the definition of Painting (_a_) The romantic content [(_α_) The Ideal which consists in the reconciliation of the soul with God as revealed in His human passage through suffering. The religious content. The Love of religion (_αα_) The representation of God the Father. Generally beyond the scope of painting. The famous picture of Van Eyck at Ghent (_ββ_) Christ the more essential object. Modes of depicting him in his absolute Godhead or his humanity. Scenes of Childhood and Passion most fitted to express religious aspect. Love of the Virgin Mary. Contrast with Niobe (_γγ_) The ideas of devotion, repentance, and conversion as such affect humanity in general when included in the religious sphere. The pictorial treatment of martyrdom (_β_) The pictorial treatment of landscape (_γγ_) The pictorial treatment of objects in natural or secular associations. The vitality and delight of independent human existence. Art secures the stability of evanescent phenomena. The influence of artistic personality on the interest] (_b_) The more detailed definition of the material of pictorial representation [(_α_) Linear perspective (_β_) Accuracy of drawing of form. The plastic aspect of a pictorial work