The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 4 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik
Georg Hegel · en
_Firsts_ we have particularly to emphasize the fact, that if it is
the onesidedness of the pathos which constitutes the real basis of
collisions this merely amounts to the statement that it is asserted in
the action of life, and therewith has become the unique pathos of a
particular individual. If this one-sidedness is to be abrogated then it
is this individual which, to the extent that his action is exclusively
identified with this isolated pathos, must perforce be stripped and
sacrificed. For the individual here is merely this single life, and,
if this unity is not secured in its stability on its own account, the
individual is shattered.
The most complete form of this development is possible when the
individuals engaged in conflict relatively to their concrete or
objective life appear in each case essentially involved in one whole,
so that they stand fundamentally under the power of that against which
they battle, and consequently infringe that, which, conformably to
their own essential life, they ought to respect. Antigone, for example,
lives under the political authority of Creon; she is herself the
daughter of a king and the affianced of Haemon, so that her obedience
to the royal prerogative is an obligation. But Creon also, who is
on his part father and husband, is under obligation to respect the
sacred ties of relationship, and only by breach of this can give an
order that is in conflict with such a sense. In consequence of this
we find immanent in the life of both that which each respectively
combats, and they are seized and broken by that very bond which is
rooted in the compass of their own social existence. Antigone is put
to death before she can enjoy what she looks forward to as bride, and
Creon too is punished in the fatal end of his son and wife, who commit
suicide, the former on account of Antigone's death, and the latter
owing to Haemon's. Among all the fine creations of the ancient and the
modern world--and I am acquainted with pretty nearly everything in
such a class, and one ought to know it, and it is quite possible--the
"Antigone" of Sophocles is from this point of view in my judgment the
most excellent and satisfying work of art.