The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 4 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik — Georg Hegel — John Shaqi
The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 4 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik
Georg Hegel · en
But as a _further_ and final class, and one more beautiful than the
above rather external mode of resolution we have the reconciliation
more properly of the soul itself, in which respect there is, in
virtue of the personal significance, a real approach to our modern
point of view. The most perfect example of this in ancient drama is
to be found in the ever admirable "Œdipus Coloneus" of Sophocles. The
protagonist here has unwittingly slain his father, secured the sceptre
of Thebes, and the bridal bed of his own mother. He is not rendered
unhappy by these unwitting crimes; but the power of divination he has
of old possessed makes him realize, despite himself, the darkness
of the experience that confronts him, and he becomes fearfully, if
indistinctly, aware of what his position is.[50] In this resolution of
the riddle in himself he resembles Adam, losing his happiness when he
obtains the knowledge of good and evil. What he then does, the seer,
is to blind himself, then abdicate the throne and depart from Thebes,
very much as Adam and Eve are driven from Paradise. From henceforward
he wanders about a helpless old man. Finally a god calls the terribly
afflicted man to himself,[51] the man, that is, who refusing the
request of his sons that he should return to Thebes, prefers to
associate with the Erinnys; the man, in short, who extinguishes all
the disruption in himself and who purifies himself in his own soul.
His blind eyes are made clear and bright, his limbs are healed, and
become a treasure of the city which received him as a free guest. And
this illumination in death is for ourselves no less than for him the
more truly visible reconciliation which is worked out both in and for
himself as individual man, in and through, that is, his essential
character. Critics have endeavoured to discover here the temper of the
Christian life; we are told we have here the picture of a sinner, whom
God receives into His grace; and the fateful misfortunes which expire
in their finite condition, are made good with the seal of blessedness
in death. The reconciliation of the Christian religion, however, is an
illumination of the soul, which, bathed in the everlasting waters of
salvation, is raised above mortal life and its deeds. Here it is the
heart itself, for in such a view the spiritual life can effect this,
which buries that life and its deed in the grave of the heart itself,
counting the recriminations of earthly guilt as part and parcel of its
own earthly individuality; and which, in the full assuredness of the
eternally pure and spiritual condition of blessedness, holds itself in
itself calm and steadfast against such impeachment. The illumination of
Œdipus, on the contrary, remains throughout, in consonance with ancient
ideas, the restoration of conscious life from the strife of ethical
powers and violations to the renewed and harmonious unity of this
_ethical content itself._[52]