The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 01 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
9. In hearing it happens, otherwise than in seeing, that the action of
the medium is made stronger by the wind when it blows the same way, and
weaker when it blows the contrary way. The cause whereof cannot proceed
from anything but the different generation of sound and light. For in
the generation of light, none of the parts of the medium between the
object and the eye are moved from their own places to other places
sensibly distant; but the action is propagated in spaces imperceptible;
so that no contrary wind can diminish, nor favourable wind encrease the
light, unless it be so strong as to remove the object further off or
bring it nearer to the eye. For the wind, that is to say the air moved,
doth not by its interposition between the object and the eye work
otherwise than it would do, if it were still and calm. For, where the
pressure is perpetual, one part of the air is no sooner carried away,
but another, by succeeding it, receives the same impression, which the
part carried away had received before. But in the generation of sound,
the first collision or breaking asunder beateth away and driveth out of
its place the nearest part of the air, and that to a considerable
distance, and with considerable velocity; and as the circles grow by
their remoteness wider and wider, so the air being more and more
dissipated, hath also its motion more and more weakened. Whensoever
therefore the air is so stricken as to cause sound, if the wind fall
upon it, it will move it all nearer to the ear, if it blow that way, and
further from it if it blow the contrary way; so that according as it
blows from or towards the object, so the sound which is heard will seem
to come from a nearer or remoter place; and the reaction, by reason of
the unequal distances, be strengthened or debilitated.
From hence may be understood the reason why the voice of such as are
said to speak in their bellies, though it be uttered near hand, is
nevertheless heard, by those that suspect nothing, as if it were a great
way off. For having no former thought of any determined place from which
the voice should proceed, and judging according to the greatness, if it
be weak they think it a great way off, if strong near. These
ventriloqui, therefore, by forming their voice, not as others by the
emission of their breath, but by drawing it inwards, do make the same
appear small and weak; which weakness of the voice deceives those, that
neither suspect the artifice nor observe the endeavour which they use in
speaking; and so, instead of thinking it weak, they think it far off.
[Sidenote: Not only air, but other bodies, how hard soever they be,
convey sound.]