The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 02 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 02 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
7. Now if God have the right of sovereignty from his power, it is
manifest that the _obligation_ of yielding him obedience lies on men
by reason of their weakness.[18] For that _obligation_ which rises
from contract, of which we have spoken in chap. II. can have no
place here; where the right of ruling, no covenant passing between,
rises only from nature. But there are two species of _natural
obligation_. One, when liberty is taken away by corporal
impediments, according to which we say that heaven and earth, and
all creatures, do obey the common laws of their creation. The other,
when it is taken away by hope or fear, according to which the
weaker, despairing of his own power to resist, cannot but yield to
the stronger. From this last kind of obligation, that is to say,
from fear or conscience of our own weakness in respect of the divine
power, it comes to pass that we are obliged to obey God in his
natural kingdom; reason dictating to all, acknowledging the divine
power and providence, _that there is no kicking against the pricks_.
Footnote 18:
_By reason of their weakness._] If this shall seem hard to any
man, I desire him with a silent thought to consider, if there were
two Omnipotents, whether were bound to obey. I believe he will
confess that neither is bound. If this be true, then it is also
true what I have set down; that men are subject unto God, because
they are not omnipotent. And truly our Saviour admonishing Paul,
who at that time was an enemy to the Church, that he should not
kick against the pricks; seems to require obedience from him for
this cause, because he had not power enough to resist.
[Sidenote: The laws of God in his natural kingdom, are those which
are above set down in chaps. II. III.]
8. Because the _word of God_, ruling by nature only, is supposed to
be nothing else but right reason, and the laws of kings can be known
by their _word_ only; it is manifest that the laws of God, ruling by
nature alone, are only the _natural laws_; namely, those which we
have set down in chaps. II. and III. and deduced from the dictates
of reason, _humility_, _equity_, _justice_, _mercy_; and other
_moral virtues_ befriending _peace_, which pertain to the discharge
of the duties of men one toward the other; and those which right
reason shall dictate besides, concerning the honour and worship of
the Divine Majesty. We need not repeat what those _natural laws_ or
_moral virtues_ are; but we must see what honours and what divine
worship, that is to say, what _sacred laws_ the same _natural
reason_ doth dictate.
[Sidenote: What honour and worship are.]